IARC(國際癌症研究機構)

IARC(國際癌症研究機構)

本詞條是多義詞,共2個義項
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IARC(International Agency for Research on Cancer ),國際癌症研究機構,從1971年起組織專家組收集和評價世界各國有關化學物質對人類致癌危險性的資料。

基本介紹

  • 中文名:IARC
  • 外文名:International Agency for Research on Cancer
  • 性質:國際癌症研究機構
  • 目的:化學物對人類致癌性資料
概述,其它相關,致癌性評價標準,第一類:致癌,第二類:很可能致癌,第三類:可能致癌,第四類:未知,第五類:很可能不致癌,致癌物五類明細表,

概述

,編輯出版《IARC關於化學物質致人類癌症危險性評價專題論文集》,並於1979年、 1982年和1987年三次組織專家組對上述專題論文集所評價的環境因子和類別、混合物及暴露環境對人類的致癌性進行再評價,並出版報告。自1987年專題論文集改名為《IARC關於致人類癌症危險性評價專題論文集》,並擴展到物理因子、生物因子致人類癌症危險性評價。
IARC關於化學物質致人類癌症危險性分類只與一種化學物致癌性證據的充分性(證據權重)有關,而並不涉及其致癌活性大小及其機制。IARC將化學物對人類致癌性資料(流行病學調查和病例報告)和對實驗動物致癌性資料分為四級:致癌性證據充分、致癌性證據有限、致癌性證據不足及證據提示缺乏致癌性。對人致癌性證據充分是指在致癌物和人癌症發生之間有因果關係。致癌性證據有限是指因果關係的解釋是可信的,但其他的解釋如偶然性偏倚混雜因素不能完全排除。致癌性證據不足是指資料的性質、一致性或統計學把握度不足以判斷因果關係或沒有對人致癌性的資料。證據提示缺乏致癌性是指有幾個在已知人類充分暴露水平範圍內的研究表明暴露水平與所研究的癌症無關聯。
分類為人致癌物(組1)必須要有流行病學證據的支持。流行病學研究(佇列研究病例對照研究)試圖為化學品接觸與人群癌症發生(或死亡)增加的因果關係提供證據。癌症流行病學研究是比較困難的,一般是在人群接觸某種化學品多年之後進行,可能有很多混雜因素,並往往受到經費和時間的限制。為治療目的給以化學品(藥品)和職業性接觸,較易控制接觸條件,但個體數和接觸期限也往往受到限制。因此,對於很多化學品需要由動物致癌試驗、短期試驗等為接觸此化學品的致癌危險性提供論據(主要用於危害鑑定)。

其它相關

致癌性評價標準

實驗動物致癌性資料證據評價標準:
(1) 致癌性證據充分指確立了受試物與腫瘤發生率(惡性或惡性和良性腫瘤合計)增加的因果關係:①見於兩種或兩種以上動物;②一個物種但經兩次或多次獨立的試驗(包括不同時間或不同實驗室或在不同實驗方案條件下);③在一個物種一次試驗中,惡性腫瘤發生率、部位、腫瘤類型或發癌時間得到肯定的陽性結果。
(2) 致癌性證據有限指資料提示有致癌作用,但在作決定性評價中證據有限:①致癌性證據限於一個試驗;②在設計、實施或結果解釋的合理性方面尚有疑問;③僅有良性腫瘤、未確定致癌性潛力的損傷、或該種系中此腫瘤的自發率較高。
(3) 致癌性證據不足指資料由於重要的定性或定量上的限制,不足以證明致癌作用的存在與否,或沒有實驗動物致癌性的資料。
(4) 證據提示無致癌性是指有足夠的資料(至少兩種種系)證明該物質無致癌性。但需指出,證據提示無致癌性的結論必然限於所研究的種系、腫瘤部位和暴露劑量水平。
致癌物分類
IARC根據對人類和對實驗動物致癌性資料,以及在實驗系統和人類其他有關的資料(包括癌前病變、腫瘤病理學、遺傳毒性結構—活性關係,代謝和動力學,理化參數及同類的生物因子)進行綜合評價,將環境因子和類別、混合物及暴露環境與人類癌症的關係分為下列五類四組:

第一類:致癌

組1,對人類是致癌物。對人類致癌性證據充分者屬於本組。如吸菸和二手菸。

第二類:很可能致癌

組2,對人類是很可能或可能致癌物。又分為兩組,即組2A和組2B。
組2A,對人類很可能(probably)是致癌物,指對人類致癌性證據有限。對實驗動物致癌性證據充分。如生產藝術玻璃、常用電吹風的理髮師。

第三類:可能致癌

組2B,對人類是可能(possible)致癌物,指對人類致癌性證據有限,對實驗動物致癌性證據並不充分;或指對人類致癌性證據不足,對實驗動物致癌性證據充分。

第四類:未知

組3,現有的證據不能對人類致癌性進行分類。

第五類:很可能不致癌

組4,對人類可能是非致癌物。

致癌物五類明細表

IARC專家組在2010年1月最新報告對834種環境因子和類別、混合物及暴露環境與人類癌症關係評價結果,
其中組1有100種,組2A有68種,組2B有246種,組3有516種,組4有1種。
IARC對化學物質引起人類癌症危險性評價,是目前公認的權威性資料。在要了解某種化學物的致癌性時,應首先查閱IARC的資料(網址http:193.51.164.11/monoeval/crthgr01.html)。
毒理學網 2010年1月12日
Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans
Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans (100)
Agents and groups of agents
4-Aminobiphenyl [92-67-1] (Vol. 1, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Arsenic [7440-38-2] and arsenic compounds (Vol. 23, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB:
This evaluation applies to the group of compounds as a whole and not
necessarily to all individual compounds within the group)
Asbestos [1332-21-4] (Vol. 14, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Azathioprine [446-86-6] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Benzene [71-43-2] (Vol. 29, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Benzidine [92-87-5] (Vol. 29, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Benzo[a]pyrene [50-32-8] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
(NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 1 based on mechanistic and
other relevant data)
Beryllium [7440-41-7] and beryllium compounds (Vol. 58; 1993)
N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) [494-03-1] (Vol.
4, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Bis(chloromethyl)ether [542-88-1] and chloromethyl methyl ether [107-30-2]
(technical-grade)
(Vol. 4, Suppl. 7; 1987)
1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Busulphan; Myleran) [55-98-1] (Vol. 4,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
Cadmium [7440-43-9] and cadmium compounds (Vol. 58; 1993)
Chlorambucil [305-03-3] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987)
1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU;
Semustine) [13909-09-6] (Suppl. 7; 1987)
Chromium[VI] (Vol. 49; 1990)
Ciclosporin [79217-60-0] (Vol. 50; 1990)
Cyclophosphamide [50-18-0] [6055-19-2] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Diethylstilboestrol [56-53-1] (Vol. 21, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Epstein-Barr virus (Vol. 70; 1997)
Erionite [66733-21-9] (Vol. 42, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Estrogen-progestogen menopausal therapy (combined) (Vol. 72, Vol. 91; in
preparation)
Estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptives (combined) (Vol. 72, Vol. 91; in
preparation)
(NB: There is also convincing evidence in humans that these agents confer
a protective effect against cancer in the endometrium and ovary)
Estrogens, nonsteroidal (Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: This evaluation applies to
the group of compounds as a whole and not necessarily to all individual
compounds within the group)
Estrogens, steroidal (Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: This evaluation applies to
the group of compounds as a whole and not necessarily to all individual
compounds within the group)
Estrogen therapy, postmenopausal (Vol. 72; 1999)
Ethylene oxide [75-21-8] (Vol. 60; 1994) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2A to 1 with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Etoposide [33419-42-0] in combination with cisplatin and bleomycin (Vol.
76; 2000)
Formaldehyde [50-00-0] (Vol. 88; 2006)
Gallium arsenide [1303-00-0] (Vol. 86; 2006)
[Gamma Radiation: see X- and Gamma (g)-Radiation]
Helicobacter pylori (infection with) (Vol. 61; 1994)
Hepatitis B virus (chronic infection with) (Vol. 59; 1994)
Hepatitis C virus (chronic infection with) (Vol. 59; 1994)
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (infection with) (Vol. 67; 1996)
Human papillomavirus types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59
and 66 (Vol. 64, Vol. 90; in preparation) (NB: The HPV types that have
been classified as carcinogenic to humans can differ by an order of
magnitude in risk for cervical cancer)
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (Vol. 67; 1996)
Melphalan [148-82-3] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7; 1987)
8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) [298-81-7] plus ultraviolet A radiation
(Vol. 24, Suppl. 7; 1987)
MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents (Suppl.
7; 1987)
Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) [505-60-2] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2-Naphthylamine [91-59-8] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Neutrons (Vol. 75; 2000) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 1
with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Nickel compounds (Vol. 49; 1990)
N‘-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) [16543-55-8] and
4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)- 1-butanone (NNK) [64091-91-4]
(Vol. 37, Suppl. 7, Vol. 89; in preparation) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 1 based on mechanistic and other relevant data)
[Oestrogen: see Estrogen]
Opisthorchis viverrini (infection with) (Vol. 61; 1994)
[Oral contraceptives, combined estrogen-progestogen: see
Estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptives (combined)]
Oral contraceptives, sequential (Suppl. 7; 1987)
Phosphorus-32, as phosphate (Vol. 78; 2001)
Plutonium-239 and its decay products (may contain plutonium-240 and other
isotopes), as aerosols (Vol. 78; 2001)
Radioiodines, short-lived isotopes, including iodine-131, from atomic
reactor accidents and nuclear weapons detonation (exposure during
childhood) (Vol. 78; 2001)
Radionuclides, a-particle-emitting, internally deposited (Vol. 78; 2001)
(NB: Specific radionuclides for which there is sufficient evidence for
carcinogenicity to humans are also listed individually as Group 1 agents)
Radionuclides, b-particle-emitting, internally deposited (Vol. 78; 2001)
(NB: Specific radionuclides for which there is sufficient evidence for
carcinogenicity to humans are also listed individually as Group 1 agents)
Radium-224 and its decay products (Vol. 78; 2001)
Radium-226 and its decay products (Vol. 78; 2001)
Radium-228 and its decay products (Vol. 78; 2001)
Radon-222 [10043-92-2] and its decay products (Vol. 43, Vol. 78; 2001)
Schistosoma haematobium (infection with) (Vol. 61; 1994)
Silica [14808-60-7], crystalline (inhaled in the form of quartz or
cristobalite from occupational sources) (Vol. 68; 1997)
Solar radiation (Vol. 55; 1992)
Talc containing asbestiform fibres (Vol. 42, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Tamoxifen [10540-29-1] (Vol. 66; 1996) (NB: There is also conclusive
evidence that tamoxifen reduces the risk of contralateral breast cancer)
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin [1746-01-6] (Vol. 69; 1997) (NB:
Overall evaluation upgraded from 2A to 1 with supporting evidence from
other relevant data)
Thiotepa [52-24-4] (Vol. 50; 1990)
Thorium-232 and its decay products, administered intravenously as a
colloidal dispersion of thorium-232 dioxide (Vol. 78; 2001)
Treosulfan [299-75-2] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Vinyl chloride [75-01-4] (Vol. 19, Suppl. 7; 1987)
X- and Gamma (g)-Radiation (Vol. 75; 2000)
Mixtures
Aflatoxins (naturally occurring mixtures of) [1402-68-2] (Vol. 56, Vol.
82; 2002)
Alcoholic beverages (Vol. 44; 1988)
Areca nut (Vol. 85; 2004) (NB: Overall evaluation based on human data,
animal data, and mechanistic and other relevant data)
Betel quid with tobacco (Vol. 85; 2004)
Betel quid without tobacco (Vol. 85; 2004)
Coal-tar pitches [65996-93-2] (Vol. 35, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Coal-tars [8007-45-2] (Vol. 35, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Herbal remedies containing plant species of the genus Aristolochia (Vol.
82; 2002)
Household combustion of coal, indoor emissions from (Vol. 95; in
preparation)
Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated (Vol. 33, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Phenacetin, analgesic mixtures containing (Suppl. 7; 1987)
Salted fish (Chinese-style) (Vol. 56; 1993)
Shale-oils [68308-34-9] (Vol. 35, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Soots (Vol. 35, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Tobacco菸草, smokeless (Vol. 37, Suppl. 7, Vol. 89; in preparation)
Wood dust (Vol. 62; 1995)
Exposure circumstances
Aluminium production (Vol. 34, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Arsenic in drinking-water (Vol. 84; 2004)
Auramine, manufacture of (Suppl. 7; 1987)
Boot and shoe manufacture and repair (Vol. 25, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Chimney sweeping (Vol. 92; in preparation)
Coal gasification (Vol. 34, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
Coal-tar distillation (Vol. 92; in preparation)
Coke production (Vol. 34, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
Furniture and cabinet making (Vol. 25, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Haematite mining (underground) with exposure to radon (Vol. 1, Suppl. 7;
1987)
Involuntary smoking (exposure to secondhand or ‘environmental‘ tobacco
smoke) (Vol. 83; 2004)
Iron and steel founding (Vol. 34, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Isopropyl alcohol manufacture (strong-acid process) (Suppl. 7; 1987)
Magenta, manufacture of (Vol. 57; 1993)
Painter (occupational exposure as a) (Vol. 47; 1989)
Paving and roofing with coal-tar pitch (Vol. 92; in preparation)
Rubber industry (Vol. 28, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Strong-inorganic-acid mists containing sulfuric acid (occupational
exposure to) (Vol. 54; 1992)
Tobacco smoking吸菸and tobacco smoke二手菸(Vol. 83; 2004)
Last updated: 13 December 2006
Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans(68)
Agents and groups of agents
Acrylamide [79-06-1] (Vol. 60; 1994) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Adriamycin [23214-92-8] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Androgenic (anabolic) steroids (Suppl. 7; 1987)
Aristolochic acids (naturally occurring mixtures of) (Vol. 82; 2002)
Azacitidine [320-67-2] (Vol. 50; 1990) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Benzidine-based dyes (Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) [154-93-8] (Vol. 26, Suppl.7; 1987)
1,3-Butadiene [106-99-0] (Vol. 71; 1999)
Captafol [2425-06-1] (Vol. 53; 1991) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Chloramphenicol [56-75-7] (Vol. 50; 1990) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
a-Chlorinated toluenes (benzal chloride [98-87-3], benzotrichloride
[98-07-7], benzyl chloride [100-44-7]) and benzoyl chloride [98-88-4]
(combined exposures) (Vol. 29, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) [13010-47-4](Vol. 26,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
(NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence
from other relevant data)
4-Chloro-ortho-toluidine [95-69-2] (Vol. 77; 2000)
Chlorozotocin [54749-90-5] (Vol. 50; 1990) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Cisplatin [15663-27-1] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Clonorchis sinensis (infection with) (Vol. 61; 1994) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene [27208-37-3] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in
preparation) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with
supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene [53-70-3] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in
preparation) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with
supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene [191-30-0] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
(NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence
from other relevant data)
Diethyl sulfate [64-67-5] (Vol. 54, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride [79-44-7] (Vol. 12, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
(NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence
from other relevant data)
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine [540-73-8] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB:
Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from
other relevant data)
Dimethyl sulfate [77-78-1] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB:
Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from
other relevant data)
Epichlorohydrin [106-89-8] (Vol. 11, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB:
Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from
other relevant data)
Ethylene dibromide [106-93-4] (Vol. 15, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB:
Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from
other relevant data)
N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea [759-73-9] (Vol. 17, Suppl.7; 1987) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Etoposide [33419-42-0] (Vol. 76; 2000) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Glycidol [556-52-5] (Vol. 77; 2000) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Indium phosphide [22398-80-7] (Vol. 86; 2006) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 2A)
IQ (2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) [76180-96-6] (Vol. 56; 1993)
(NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence
from other relevant data)
Kaposi‘s sarcoma herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (Vol. 70; 1997)
Lead compounds, inorganic (Vol. 87; 2006)
5-Methoxypsoralen [484-20-8] (Vol. 40, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
4,4′-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA) [101-14-4] (Vol.57; 1993)
(NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence
from other relevant data)
Methyl methanesulfonate [66-27-3] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
(NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence
from other relevant data)
N-Methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) [70-25-7] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7;
1987) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting
evidence from other relevant data)
N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea [684-93-5] (Vol. 17, Suppl.7; 1987) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Nitrate or nitrite (ingested) under conditions that result in endogenous
nitrosation (Vol. 94; in preparation)
Nitrogen mustard [51-75-2] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-Nitrosodiethylamine [55-18-5] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
N-Nitrosodimethylamine [62-75-9] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Phenacetin [62-44-2] (Vol. 24, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Procarbazine hydrochloride [366-70-1] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB:
Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from
other relevant data)
Styrene-7,8-oxide [96-09-3] (Vol. 60; 1994) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Teniposide [29767-20-2] (Vol. 76; 2000) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Tetrachloroethylene [127-18-4] (Vol. 63; 1995)
ortho-Toluidine [95-53-4] (Vol. 77; 2000)
Trichloroethylene [79-01-6] (Vol. 63; 1995)
1,2,3-Trichloropropane [96-18-4] (Vol. 63; 1995)
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate [126-72-7] (Vol. 20, Suppl. 7, Vol.
71;1999) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting
evidence from other relevant data)
Ultraviolet radiation A (Vol. 55; 1992) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Ultraviolet radiation B (Vol. 55; 1992) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Ultraviolet radiation C (Vol. 55; 1992) (NB: Overall evaluation
upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Vinyl bromide [593-60-2] (Vol. 39, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB:
Overall evaluation upgraded from 2B to 2A with supporting evidence from
other relevant data)
Vinyl fluoride [75-02-5] (Vol. 63; 1995)
Mixtures
Creosotes [8001-58-9] (Vol. 35, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
Diesel engine exhaust (Vol. 46; 1989)
High-temperature frying, emissions from (Vol. 95; in preparation)
Hot mate (Vol. 51; 1991)
Household combustion of biomass fuel (primarily wood), indoor emissions
from (Vol. 95; in preparation)
Non-arsenical insecticides (occupational exposures in spraying and
application of) (Vol. 53; 1991)
Polychlorinated biphenyls [1336-36-3] (Vol. 18, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Exposure circumstances
Art glass, glass containers and pressed ware (manufacture of) (Vol. 58;
1993)
Carbon electrode manufacture (Vol. 92; in preparation)
Cobalt metal with tungsten carbide (Vol. 86; 2006)
Hairdresser or barber (occupational exposure as a) (Vol. 57; 1993)
Petroleum refining (occupational exposures in) (Vol. 45; 1989)
Sunlamps and sunbeds (use of) (Vol. 55; 1992)
Last updated: 29 November 2006
Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans (246)
Agents and groups of agents
A-a-C (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) [26148-68-5] (Vol. 40, Suppl. 7;
1987)
Acetaldehyde [75-07-0] (Vol. 36, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Acetamide [60-35-5] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Acrylonitrile [107-13-1] (Vol. 71; 1999)
AF-2 [2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide] [3688-53-7] (Vol.31,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
Aflatoxin M1 [6795-23-9] (Vol. 56; 1993)
para-Aminoazobenzene [60-09-3] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
ortho-Aminoazotoluene [97-56-3] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole [712-68-5] (Vol. 7, Suppl.
7; 1987)
Amsacrine [51264-14-3] (Vol. 76; 2000)
ortho-Anisidine [90-04-0] (Vol. 73; 1999)
Antimony trioxide [1309-64-4] (Vol. 47; 1989)
Aramite? [140-57-8] (Vol. 5, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Auramine [492-80-8] (technical-grade) (Vol. 1, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Azaserine [115-02-6] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Aziridine [151-56-4] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 3 to 2B with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Benz[j]aceanthrylene [202-33-5] (Vol. 92; in preparation) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 3 to 2B with supporting mechanistic and other
relevant data)
Benz[a]anthracene [56-55-3] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
Benzo[b]fluoranthene [205-99-2] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in
preparation)
Benzo[j]fluoranthene [205-82-3] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in
preparation)
Benzo[k]fluoranthene [207-08-9] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in
preparation)
Benzofuran [271-89-6] (Vol. 63; 1995)
Benzo[c]phenanthrene [195-19-7] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in
preparation) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 3 to 2B with
supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Benzyl violet 4B [1694-09-3] (Vol. 16, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2,2-Bis(bromomethyl)propane-1,3-diol [3296-90-0] (Vol. 77; 2000)
Bleomycins [11056-06-7] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 3 to 2B with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Bracken fern (Vol. 40, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Bromodichloromethane [75-27-4] (Vol. 52, Vol. 71; 1999)
Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) [25013-16-5] (Vol. 40, Suppl. 7;1987)
b-Butyrolactone [3068-88-0] (Vol. 11, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Caffeic acid [331-39-5] (Vol. 56; 1993)
Carbon black [1333-86-4] (Vol. 65, Vol. 93; in preparation)
Carbon tetrachloride [56-23-5] (Vol. 20, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Catechol [120-80-9] (Vol. 15, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Chlordane [57-74-9] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Chlordecone (Kepone) [143-50-0] (Vol. 20, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Chlorendic acid [115-28-6] (Vol. 48; 1990)
para-Chloroaniline [106-47-8] (Vol. 57; 1993)
3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone [77439-76-0] (Vol.
84; 2004)
Chloroform [67-66-3] (Vol. 73; 1999)
1-Chloro-2-methylpropene [513-37-1] (Vol. 63; 1995)
Chlorophenoxy herbicides (Vol. 41, Suppl. 7; 1987)
4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine [95-83-0] (Vol. 27, Suppl.7; 1987)
Chloroprene [126-99-8] (Vol. 71; 1999)
Chlorothalonil [1897-45-6] (Vol. 73; 1999)
Chrysene [218-01-9] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
CI Acid Red 114 [6459-94-5] (Vol. 57; 1993)
CI Basic Red 9 [569-61-9] (Vol. 57; 1993)
CI Direct Blue 15 [2429-74-5] (Vol. 57; 1993)
Citrus Red No. 2 [6358-53-8] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Cobalt [7440-48-4] and cobalt compounds (Vol. 52; 1991) (NB: Evaluated
as a group)
Cobalt sulfate [10026-24-1] and other soluble cobalt(II) salts (Vol. 86;
2006)
para-Cresidine [120-71-8] (Vol. 27, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Cycasin [14901-08-7] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Dacarbazine [4342-03-4] (Vol. 26, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Dantron (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) [117-10-2] (Vol. 50; 1990)
Daunomycin [20830-81-3] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
DDT [p,p‘-DDT, 50-29-3] (Vol. 53; 1991)
N,N‘-Diacetylbenzidine [613-35-4] (Vol. 16, Suppl.7; 1987)
2,4-Diaminoanisole [615-05-4] (Vol. 79; 2001)
4,4‘-Diaminodiphenyl ether [101-80-4] (Vol. 29, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2,4-Diaminotoluene [95-80-7] (Vol. 16, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Dibenz[a,h]acridine [226-36-8] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Dibenz[a,j]acridine [224-42-0] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7; 1987)
7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole [194-59-2] (Vol. 32, Suppl.7; 1987)
Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene [189-64-0] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene [189-55-9] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane [96-12-8] (Vol. 20, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
2,3-Dibromopropan-1-ol [96-13-9] (Vol. 77; 2000)
Dichloroacetic acid [79-43-6] (Vol. 84; 2004)
para-Dichlorobenzene [106-46-7] (Vol. 73; 1999)
3,3‘-Dichlorobenzidine [91-94-1] (Vol. 29, Suppl. 7; 1987)
3,3‘-Dichloro-4,4‘-diaminodiphenyl ether [28434-86-8] (Vol. 16,Suppl. 7;
1987)
1,2-Dichloroethane [107-06-2] (Vol. 20, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Dichloromethane (methylene chloride) [75-09-2] (Vol. 71; 1999)
1,3-Dichloropropene [542-75-6] (technical-grade) (Vol. 41, Suppl.7, Vol.
71; 1999)
Dichlorvos [62-73-7] (Vol. 53; 1991)
1,2-Diethylhydrazine [1615-80-1] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Diglycidyl resorcinol ether [101-90-6] (Vol. 36, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Dihydrosafrole [94-58-6] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Diisopropyl sulfate [2973-10-6] (Vol. 54, Vol. 71; 1999)
3,3‘-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) [119-90-4] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7;
1987)
para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene [60-11-7] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole
[25962-77-0] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) [87-62-7] (Vol. 57; 1993)
3,3‘-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) [119-93-7] (Vol.1, Suppl. 7; 1987)
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine [57-14-7] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
3,7-Dinitrofluoranthene [105735-71-5] (Vol. 65; 1996)
3,9-Dinitrofluoranthene [22506-53-2] (Vol. 65; 1996)
1,6-Dinitropyrene [42397-64-8] (Vol. 46; 1989)
1,8-Dinitropyrene [42397-65-9] (Vol. 46; 1989)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene [121-14-2] (Vol. 65; 1996)
2,6-Dinitrotoluene [606-20-2] (Vol. 65; 1996)
1,4-Dioxane [123-91-1] (Vol. 11, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Disperse Blue 1 [2475-45-8] (Vol. 48; 1990)
1,2-Epoxybutane [106-88-7] (Vol. 47, Vol. 71; 1999) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 3 to 2B with supporting evidence from other
relevant data)
Ethyl acrylate [140-88-5] (Vol. 39, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Ethylbenzene [100-41-4] (Vol. 77; 2000)
Ethyl methanesulfonate [62-50-0] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7; 1987)
[Foreign bodies: see Surgical implants and other foreign bodies]
2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole [3570-75-0] (Vol. 7,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
Fumonisin B1 [116355-83-0] (Vol. 82; 2002)
Furan [110-00-9] (Vol. 63; 1995)
Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3‘,2‘-d]imidazole) [67730-11-4]
(Vol. 40, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3‘,2‘-d]imidazole)[67730-10-3] (Vol. 40,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
Glycidaldehyde [765-34-4] (Vol. 11, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Griseofulvin [126-07-8] (Vol. 79; 2001)
HC Blue No. 1 [2784-94-3] (Vol. 57; 1993)
Heptachlor [76-44-8] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Hexachlorobenzene [118-74-1] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Hexachloroethane [67-72-1] (Vol. 73; 1999)
Hexachlorocyclohexanes (Vol. 20, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Hexamethylphosphoramide [680-31-9] (Vol. 15, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (infection with) (Vol. 67; 1996)
Human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 (Vol. 90; in preparation)
Human papillomavirus genus beta (some types) (Vol. 90; in preparation)
Hydrazine [302-01-2] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
1-Hydroxyanthraquinone [129-43-1] (Vol. 82; 2002)
Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene [193-39-5] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in
preparation)
Iron-dextran complex [9004-66-4] (Vol. 2, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Isoprene [78-79-5] (Vol. 60, Vol. 71; 1999)
Lasiocarpine [303-34-4] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Lead [7439-92-1] (Vol. 23, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Magenta [632-99-5] (containing CI Basic Red 9) (Vol. 57; 1993)
Magnetic fields (extremely low-frequency) (Vol. 80; 2002)
MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) [68006-83-7] (Vol. 40,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
Medroxyprogesterone acetate [71-58-9] (Vol. 21, Suppl. 7; 1987)
MeIQ (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) [77094-11-2] (Vol. 56;
1993)
MeIQx (2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) [77500-04-0] (Vol.
56; 1993)
Merphalan [531-76-0] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2-Methylaziridine (Propyleneimine) [75-55-8] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71;
1999)
Methylazoxymethanol acetate [592-62-1] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
5-Methylchrysene [3697-24-3] (Vol. 32, Suppl. 7, Vol. 92; in preparation)
4,4‘-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) [838-88-0] (Vol. 4, Suppl.7; 1987)
4,4‘-Methylenedianiline [101-77-9] (Vol. 39, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Methylmercury compounds (Vol. 58; 1993) (NB: Evaluated as a group)
2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone [129-15-7] (uncertain purity) (Vol.27,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane [615-53-2] (Vol. 4, Suppl.7; 1987)
Methylthiouracil [56-04-2] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Metronidazole [443-48-1] (Vol. 13, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Microcystin-LR [101043-37-2] (Vol. 94; in preparation) (NB: Overall
evaluation upgraded from 3 to 2B based on mechanistic and other relevant
data)
Mirex [2385-85-5] (Vol. 20, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Mitomycin C [50-07-7] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Mitoxantrone [65271-80-9] (Vol. 76; 2000)
Monocrotaline [315-22-0] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
5-(Morpholinomethyl)-3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone
[3795-88-8] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Nafenopin [3771-19-5] (Vol. 24, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Naphthalene [91-20-3] (Vol. 82; 2002)
Nickel, metallic [7440-02-0] and alloys (Vol. 49; 1990)
Niridazole [61-57-4] (Vol. 13, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Nitrilotriacetic acid [139-13-9] and its salts (Vol. 73; 1999) (NB:
Evaluated as a group)
5-Nitroacenaphthene [602-87-9] (Vol. 16, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2-Nitroanisole [91-23-6] (Vol. 65; 1996)
Nitrobenzene [98-95-3] (Vol. 65; 1996)
6-Nitrochrysene [7496-02-8] (Vol. 46; 1989)
Nitrofen [1836-75-5] (technical-grade) (Vol. 30, Suppl. 7; 1987)
2-Nitrofluorene [607-57-8] (Vol. 46; 1989)
1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone [555-84-0] (Vol.7,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide [531-82-8] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7;
1987)
Nitrogen mustard N-oxide [126-85-2] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7;1987)
Nitromethane [75-52-5] (Vol. 77; 2000)
2-Nitropropane [79-46-9] (Vol. 29, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
1-Nitropyrene [5522-43-0] (Vol. 46; 1989)
4-Nitropyrene [57835-92-4] (Vol. 46; 1989)
N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine [924-16-3] (Vol. 17, Suppl.7; 1987)
N-Nitrosodiethanolamine [1116-54-7] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7, Vol. 77; 2000)
N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine [621-64-7] (Vol. 17, Suppl.7; 1987)
3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile [60153-49-3] (Vol. 85; 2004)
N-Nitrosomethylethylamine [10595-95-6] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine [4549-40-0] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-Nitrosomorpholine [59-89-2] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-Nitrosopiperidine [100-75-4] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine [930-55-2] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987)
N-Nitrososarcosine [13256-22-9] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Ochratoxin A [303-47-9] (Vol. 56; 1993)
Oil Orange SS [2646-17-5] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Oxazepam [604-75-1] (Vol. 66; 1996)
Palygorskite (attapulgite) [12174-11-7] (long fibres, > 5 micrometres)
(Vol. 68; 1997)
Panfuran S [794-93-4] (containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine)
(Vol. 24, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride [136-40-3] (Vol. 24, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Phenobarbital [50-06-6] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Phenolphthalein [77-09-8] (Vol. 76; 2000)
Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride [63-92-3] (Vol. 24, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Phenyl glycidyl ether [122-60-1] (Vol. 47, Vol. 71; 1999)
Phenytoin [57-41-0] (Vol. 66; 1996)
PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) [105650-23-5] (Vol.
56; 1993)
Polychlorophenols and their sodium salts (mixed exposures) (Vol. 41,
Suppl. 7, Vol. 53, Vol. 71; 1999)
Ponceau MX [3761-53-3] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Ponceau 3R [3564-09-8] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Potassium bromate [7758-01-2] (Vol. 73; 1999)
Progestins (Suppl. 7; 1987)
Progestogen-only contraceptives (Vol. 72; 1999)
1,3-Propane sultone [1120-71-4] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
b-Propiolactone [57-57-8] (Vol. 4, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Propylene oxide [75-56-9] (Vol. 60; 1994)
Propylthiouracil [51-52-5] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Refractory ceramic fibres (Vol. 43, Vol. 81; 2002)
Riddelliine [23246-96-0] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7, Vol. 82; 2002)
Safrole [94-59-7] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Schistosoma japonicum (infection with) (Vol. 61; 1994)
Sodium ortho-phenylphenate [132-27-4] (Vol. 73; 1999)
Special-purpose fibres such as E-glass and ‘475‘ glass fibres (Vol. 81;
2002)
Sterigmatocystin [10048-13-2] (Vol. 10, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Streptozotocin [18883-66-4] (Vol. 17, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Styrene [100-42-5] (Vol. 60, 82; 2002)
Sulfallate [95-06-7] (Vol. 30, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Surgical implants and other foreign bodies (Vol. 74; 1999):
- Polymeric implants prepared as thin smooth film (with the exception of
poly(glycolic acid))
- Metallic implants prepared as thin smooth films
- Implanted foreign bodies of metallic cobalt, metallic nickel and an
alloy powder containing 66-67% nickel, 13-16% chromium and 7% iron
Tetrafluoroethylene [116-14-3] (Vol. 19, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Tetranitromethane [509-14-8] (Vol. 65; 1996)
Thioacetamide [62-55-5] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7; 1987)
4,4‘-Thiodianiline [139-65-1] (Vol. 27, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Titanium dioxide [13463-67-7] (Vol. 47, Vol. 93; in preparation)
Thiouracil [141-90-2] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Toluene diisocyanates [26471-62-5] (Vol. 39, Suppl. 7, Vol. 71; 1999)
Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) [817-09-4] (Vol. 50; 1990)
Trp-P-1 (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole)[62450-06-0] (Vol.
31, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Trp-P-2 (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole)[62450-07-1] (Vol. 31,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
Trypan blue [72-57-1] (Vol. 8, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Uracil mustard [66-75-1] (Vol. 9, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Urethane [51-79-6] (Vol. 7, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Vanadium pentoxide [1314-62-1] (Vol. 86; in preparation)
Vinyl acetate [108-05-4] (Vol. 63; 1995)
4-Vinylcyclohexene [100-40-3] (Vol. 60; 1994)
4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide [106-87-6] (Vol. 60; 1994)
Zalcitabine [7481-89-2] (Vol. 76; 2000)
Zidovudine (AZT) [30516-87-1] (Vol. 76; 2000)
Mixtures
Bitumens [8052-42-4], extracts of steam-refined and air-refined (Vol. 35,
Suppl. 7; 1987)
Carrageenan [9000-07-1], degraded (Vol. 31, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12 and average
degree of chlorination approximately 60% (Vol. 48; 1990)
Coffee (urinary bladder) (Vol. 51; 1991) (NB: There is some evidence of
an inverse relationship between coffee drinking and cancer of the large
bowel; coffee drinking could not be classified as to its carcinogenicity
to other organs)
Diesel fuel, marine (Vol. 45; 1989) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded
from 3 to 2B with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Engine exhaust, gasoline (Vol. 46; 1989)
Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (Vol. 45; 1989)
Gasoline (Vol. 45; 1989) (NB: Overall evaluation upgraded from 3 to 2B
with supporting evidence from other relevant data)
Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (Vol. 56; 1993)
Polybrominated biphenyls [Firemaster BP-6, 59536-65-1] (Vol. 41, Suppl. 7;
1987)
Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) [8001-35-2] (Vol. 79; 2001)
Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme: fumonisin B1 and B2 and fusarin
C (Vol. 56; 1993)
Welding fumes (Vol. 49; 1990)
Exposure circumstances
Carpentry and joinery (Vol. 25, Suppl. 7; 1987)
Cobalt metal without tungsten carbide (Vol. 86; 2006)
Dry cleaning (occupational exposures in) (Vol. 63; 1995)
Printing processes (occupational exposures in) (Vol. 65; 1996)
Talc-based body powder (perineal use of) (Vol. 93; in preparation)
Textile manufacturing industry (work in) (Vol. 48; 1990)
Last updated: 20 December 2006
Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (516)
Group 4: Probably not carcinogenic to humans (1) 中文翻譯:
總體評價致癌物質
第1組:對人類致癌(100)
代理和代理組
4 - 氨基聯苯[92-67-1](第1卷,增刊,1987年)
砷[7440-38-2]和砷的化合物(第23卷增刊1987)(註:
此評價適用的化合物的族群作為一個整體,而不是
不一定所有組內的單個化合物)
石棉[1332-21-4](第14卷增刊1987)
硫唑嘌呤[446-86-6](第26卷增刊1987)
苯[71-43-2](第29卷增刊1987)
聯苯胺[92-87-5](第29卷增刊1987)
苯並[a]芘[50-32-8](7增刊第32卷,第92,在準備)
(註:升級總體評價基於機械和2B 1
其他相關數據)
鈹[7440-41-7]和鈹的化合物(第58卷,1993年)
N,N-雙(2 - 氯乙基)-2 - 萘胺(Chlornaphazine)[494-03-1](第
4,增刊。7 1987)
二(氯甲基)醚[542-88-1]和氯甲基甲基醚[107-30-2]
(工業級)
(第4卷增刊1987年)
1,4 - 丁二醇二甲(白消安馬里蘭)[55-98-1](第4卷,
增刊。7 1987)
鎘[7440-43-9]和鎘化合物(第58卷,1993年)
苯丁酸氮芥[305-03-3](第26卷增刊1987)
1 - (2 - 氯乙基)-3 - (4 - 甲基環己基)-1 - 亞硝基脲(甲基CCNU;
司莫司汀)[13909-09-6](增刊7,1987)
鉻[六](卷49,1990)
環孢素[79217-60-0](卷50,1990)
環磷醯胺[50-18-0] [6055-19-2](7增刊第26卷,1987年)
己烯雌酚[56-53-1](第21卷增刊7,1987)
Epstein-Barr病毒(第70卷,1997年)
毛沸石[66733-21-9](第42卷增刊7 1987)
雌 - 孕激素治療更年期(合併)(第72,第91;
準備中)
雌 - 孕激素口服避孕藥(聯合)(第72卷,第91卷;
準備中)
(註:也有令人信服的證據,這些藥物在人類賦予
一個保護作用,對子宮內膜癌和卵巢)
雌激素,非甾體類(增刊7,1987)(註:該評估適用
作為一個整體,不一定所有個人組化合物
在組內的化合物)
雌激素,類固醇(增刊7,1987)(註:該評估適用
作為一個整體,不一定所有個人組化合物
在組內的化合物)
雌激素治療,絕經後(第72卷,1999年)
環氧乙烷[75-21-8](卷60,1994年)(註:升級的總體評價
與其他相關數據的支持證據2A至1)
依託泊苷[33419-42-0]結合順鉑,博萊黴素(第
76,2000)
甲醛[50-00-0](卷88,2006)
砷化鎵[1303-00-0](卷86,2006)
[伽瑪輻射:X-和γ(G)輻射]
幽門螺桿菌(Helicobacter pylori感染)(第61卷,1994年)
B型肝炎病毒(慢性感染)(第59卷,1994年)
C型肝炎病毒(慢性感染)(第59卷,1994年)
人類免疫缺陷病毒1型(感染)(第67卷1996)
人類乳頭狀瘤病毒16型,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59
66(第64卷,第90卷在準備中)(註:HPV型別有
被列為對人類致癌的順序不同
子宮頸癌的風險幅度)
人類T細胞白血病病毒I型(第67卷1996)
美法侖[148-82-3](第9卷,增刊。7 1987)
8 - 甲氧基(甲氧沙林)[298-81-7]加紫外線的輻射
(第24卷增刊1987年)
MOPP和其他聯合化療方案,包括烷化劑(增刊
7 1987)
芥子氣(芥子氣)[505-60-2](第9卷,增刊。7,1987)
2 - 萘胺[91-59-8](第4卷,增刊。7; 1987)
中子(第75卷,2000年)(註:從2B到1升級的總體評價
從其他相關數據的支持證據)
鎳化合物(第49卷,1990年)
N'-亞硝基降菸鹼(NNN)[16543-55-8]和
4 - (N-亞硝基甲氨)-1 - (3 - 吡啶基) - 1 - 丁酮(NNK)[64091-91-4]
(第37卷增刊。7卷89;籌備中)(NB:整體評價
機械及其他相關數據的基礎上,從2B升級)
[雌激素:雌激素]
Opisthorchis泰國肝吸蟲(感染)“(第61卷,1994年)
[口服避孕藥,雌 - 孕激素:
雌 - 孕激素口服避孕藥(組合)]
序貫口服避孕藥,(增刊1987)
32磷,磷酸鹽(第78卷,2001)
鈽-239及其衰變產物(可能含有鈽240和其他
同位素),為氣溶膠(第78卷,2001)
Radioiodines,短壽命同位素,包括碘-131,從原子
反應堆事故和核武器引爆(曝光期間
童年)(第78卷,2001)
放射性核素,一個粒子發射,內部沉積(第78卷,2001年)
(註:具體的放射性核素有足夠的證據
致癌物質也單獨列出作為集團1劑)
B-粒子發光,放射性核素,內部沉積(第78卷,2001年)
(註:具體的放射性核素有足夠的證據
致癌物質也單獨列出作為集團1劑)
鐳224和它的衰變產物(第78卷,2001)
鐳-226及其衰變產物(第78卷,2001)
鐳228和它的衰變產物(第78卷,2001)
氡-222 [10043-92-2]和它的衰變產物(第43卷,第78卷,2001年)
血吸蟲(感染)(第61卷,1994年)
二氧化矽[14808-60-7],結晶(的形式吸入石英或
方石英職業源)(第68卷,1997年)
太陽輻射(第55卷,1992年)
滑石粉中含有石棉纖維(7增刊第42卷,1987年)
他莫昔芬[10540-29-1](卷66,1996)(註:也有確鑿
證據表明,他莫昔芬降低對側乳腺癌的風險)
2,3,7,8 - 四氯二苯並 - 對 - 二惡英(第69卷,1997)[1746-01-6](NB:
總體評價升級為2A至1支持證據
其他相關數據)
塞替派[52-24-4](卷50,1990)
釷-232及其衰變產物,作為靜脈給藥
膠態分散體的釷-232氧化鈦(第78卷,2001年)
Treosulfan [299-75-2](第26卷增刊1987)
氯乙烯[75-01-4](第19卷增刊7 1987)
X-和γ(G)輻射(第75卷2000)
混合物
黃麴黴毒素(自然發生的混合物)[1402-68-2](第56卷。
82,2002)
含酒精的飲料(第44; 1988)
檳榔(第85卷,2004年)(註:總體評價是基於人類數據,
動物數據,機械和其他相關數據)
檳榔與菸草(2004年第85期;)
無菸草的檳榔(2004年第85期;)
煤瀝青[65996-93-2](第35卷增刊1987)
煤炭焦油[8007-45-2](7增刊第35卷,1987年)
草藥含有馬兜鈴屬植物物種(第
82,2002)
住戶燃燒的煤,室內排放量(第95;
準備中)
礦物油,未處理和輕度處理(第33卷增刊7 1987)
非那西丁,鎮痛混合物(增刊1987)
鹹魚(中國式)(第56卷1993)
頁岩油[68308-34-9](第35卷增刊1987年)
Soots(7增刊第35卷,1987年)
菸草,無煙菸草(第37卷增刊。7,第89,在準備)
木粉塵(第62卷,1995)
曝光的情況下
鋁的生產(7增刊第34卷,1987年)
飲用水中的砷(2004年第84期;)
鹼性嫩黃,製造(增刊1987)
引導和鞋製造與維修(第25卷增刊。7,1987)
掃煙囪(第92,在準備)
煤炭氣化(7增刊第34卷,第92,在準備)
煤焦油蒸餾(第92,在準備)
焦炭生產(第34卷增刊。7,第92卷,在準備)
家具和內閣決策(第25卷增刊1987年)
赤鐵礦開採(地下)與暴露於氡氣(第1卷,增刊。7;
1987)
非自願吸菸(暴露於二手菸“環境”菸草
煙)(2004年第83期)
鋼鐵成立(7增刊第34卷,1987年)
異丙醇製造(強酸工藝)(特刊7 1987)
洋紅,製造(第57卷,1993年)
畫家(作為一個職業暴露)(第47卷1989)
煤焦油瀝青(第92鋪築和屋面籌備中)
橡膠工業(7增刊第28卷,1987年)
強無機酸霧,含有硫酸(職業
曝光)(第54卷,1992年)
吸菸吸菸菸草煙霧二手菸(卷83,2004)
最後更新2006年12月13日
2A組:可能對人類致癌(68)
代理和代理組
丙烯醯胺[79-06-1](卷60,1994)(註:升級的總體評價
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
阿黴素[23214-92-8](第10卷增刊7; 1987)(註:整體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
雄激素類固醇(蛋白同化)(增刊7; 1987)
馬兜鈴酸(自然發生的混合物)(2002年第82期;)
阿扎胞苷[320-67-2](卷50,1990)(註:升級的總體評價
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
基於聯苯胺染料(增刊1987)(註:升級的總體評價
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
Bischloroethyl亞硝脲(BCNU)[154-93-8](第26卷,Suppl.7; 1987)
1,3 - 丁二烯[106-99-0](卷71,1999)
敵菌丹[2425年6月1日](卷53,1991)(註:升級的總體評價
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
氯黴素[56-75-7](卷50,1990)(NB:整體評價
從2B升級至2A,與其他相關數據的支持證據)
一氯化甲苯(苄叉氯化物[98-87-3],三氯甲苯
[98-07-7],苄基氯[100-44-7])和苯甲醯氯[98-88-4]
(合併曝光)(第29卷,增刊。7卷71,1999)
1 - (2 - 氯乙基)-3 - 環己基-1 - 亞硝脲(CCNU)[13010-47-4](第26卷,
增刊。7 1987)
(註:升級2B 2A總體評價與支持證據
從其他相關數據)
4 - 氯 - 鄰 - 甲苯胺[95-69-2](第77,2000)
Chlorozotocin [54749-90-5](卷50,1990)(NB:整體評價
從2B升級至2A,與其他相關數據的支持證據)
順鉑[15663-27-1](7增刊第26卷,1987年)(NB:整體評價
從2B升級至2A,與其他相關數據的支持證據)
華支睪吸蟲(感染)(第61卷,1994年)(註:總體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
環戊[CD]芘[27208-37-3](第32卷增刊。7,第92;
準備)(註:升級的總體評估從2B到2A
從其他相關數據的支持證據)
二苯並[A,H]蒽[53-70-3](第32卷增刊。7,第92;
準備)(註:升級的總體評估從2B到2A
從其他相關數據的支持證據)
二苯並[A,L]芘[191-30-0](第32卷增刊。7卷92;籌備中)
(註:升級2B 2A總體評價與支持證據
從其他相關數據)
硫酸二乙酯[64-67-5](第54卷,第71卷,1999年)(註:整體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
二甲氨基甲醯氯[79-44-7](第12卷增刊。7,第71卷,1999年)
(註:升級2B 2A總體評價與支持證據
從其他相關數據)
1,2 - 二甲基肼[540-73-8](第4卷,第71卷,1999年增刊。7)(註:
從2B升級的總體評價2A與支持證據
其他相關數據)
硫酸二甲酯[77-78-1](第4卷,第71卷,1999年增刊。7)(註:
從2B升級的總體評價2A與支持證據
其他相關數據)
環氧氯丙烷[106-89-8](第11卷增刊。7,第71卷,1999年)(註:
從2B升級的總體評價2A與支持證據
其他相關數據)
二溴乙烯[106-93-4](7增刊第15卷,第71,1999年)(註:
從2B升級的總體評價2A與支持證據
其他相關數據)
N-乙基-N-亞硝基脲[759-73-9](第17卷,Suppl.7 1987)(註:總體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
依託泊苷[33419-42-0](卷76,2000)(註:升級的總體評價
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
環氧丙醇[556-52-5](卷77,2000)(註:升級的總體評價
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
磷化銦[22398-80-7](卷86,2006)(NB:整體評價
升級從2B,2A)
IQ(2 - 氨基-3 - 甲基咪唑並[4,5-f〕喹啉)[76180-96-6](第56卷,1993)
(註:升級2B 2A總體評價與支持證據
從其他相關數據)
卡波濟氏肉瘤皰疹病毒/人類皰疹病毒8(第70卷,1997)
鉛化合物,無機(2006年第87期)
5 - 甲氧基[484-20-8](7增刊第40卷,1987年)(註:整體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
4,4' - 亞甲基雙(2 - 氯苯胺)(MOCA)[101-14-4](57卷,1993年)
(註:升級2B 2A總體評價與支持證據
從其他相關數據)
甲基甲磺酸[66-27-3](第7卷,增刊。7,第71卷,1999年)
(註:升級2B 2A總體評價與支持證據
從其他相關數據)
N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亞硝基胍(MNNG)[70-25-7](第4卷,增刊。7;
1987)(註:支持升級2B 2A的總體評價
從其他相關數據的證據)
N-甲基-N-亞硝基脲[684-93-5](第17卷,Suppl.7 1987)(註:總體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
硝酸鹽亞硝酸鹽(攝入)的條件下,導致內源性
硝化(第94;準備)
氮芥[51-75-2](第9卷,增刊。7 1987)
N-亞硝基二乙胺[55-18-5](7增刊第17卷,1987年)(註:總體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
N-亞硝基二甲胺[62-75-9](7增刊第17卷,1987年)(註:總體
從2B,2A評估升級從其他證據支持
相關數據)
非那西丁[62-44-2](第24卷增刊1987)
甲基苄肼鹽酸鹽[366-70-1](7增刊第26卷,1987年)(註:
從2B升級的總體評價2A與支持證據
其他相關數據)
苯乙烯-7,8 - 氧化物[96-09-3](第60期,1994年)(NB:整體評價
從2B升級至2A,與其他相關數據的支持證據)
替尼泊苷[29767-20-2](卷76,2000)(NB:整體評價
從2B升級至2A,與其他相關數據的支持證據)
四氯乙烯[127-18-4](卷63,1995)
鄰甲苯胺[95-53-4](卷77,2000)
三氯乙烯[79-01-6](卷63,1995)
1,2,3 - 三氯丙烷[96-18-4](第63卷,1995年)
三(2,3 - 二溴丙基)磷酸酯[126-72-7](第20卷,增刊,卷7。
71,1999年)(註:支持升級2B 2A的總體評價
從其他相關數據的證據)
紫外線A(第55卷,1992年)(註:總體評價升級
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
紫外線輻射B(第一卷55,1992)(註:升級的總體評價
從2B 2A與其他相關數據的支持證據)
紫外線輻射C(第55卷,1992年)(NB:整體評價
從2B升級至2A,與其他相關數據的支持證據)
溴乙烯[593-60-2](第39卷增刊。7,第71卷,1999年)(註:
從2B升級的總體評價2A與支持證據
其他相關數據)
氟乙烯[75-02-5](第63卷,1995年)
混合物
[8001-58-9](7增刊第35卷,第92卷,準備Creosotes)
柴油發動機排氣(第46卷1989)
高溫煎炸的排放量(第95,在準備)
熱隊友(第51卷,1991年)
住戶燃燒生物質燃料(主要是木材),室內排放
(第95,在準備)
非含砷殺蟲劑(噴塗和職業暴露
套用第53卷)(1991)
多氯聯苯[1336-36-3](第18卷增刊1987)
曝光的情況下
藝術玻璃,玻璃容器和壓制潔具(製造)(第58;
1993)
碳電極製造(第92,在準備)
金屬鈷碳化鎢(第86卷,2006)
理髮店或理髮(一)職業暴露(第57卷,1993年)
石油煉製(職業暴露)(第45卷,1989年)
太陽燈和日光浴床(使用)(第55卷,1992)
最後更新:2006年11月29日
2B組:可能對人類致癌(246)
代理和代理組
AAC(2 - 氨基-9H-吡啶並[2,3-b]吲哚)[26148-68-5](第40卷,增刊7;
1987)
乙醛[75-07-0](第36卷增刊。7,第71卷,1999年)
乙醯胺[60-35-5](第7卷,增刊。7,第71卷,1999年)
丙烯腈[107-13-1](卷71,1999)
AF-2 [2 - (2 - 呋喃基)-3 - (5 - 硝基-2 - 呋喃基)丙烯醯胺] [3688-53-7](31卷,
增刊。7 1987)
黃麴黴毒素M1 [6795-23-9](卷56,1993)
對氨基偶氮苯[60-09-3](第8卷,增刊。7 1987)
鄰氨基偶氮甲苯[97-56-3](第8卷,增刊。7 1987)
2 - 氨基-5 - (5 - 硝基-2 - 呋喃基)-1,3,4 - 噻二唑[712-68-5](第7卷,增刊。
7 1987)
吖啶[51264-14-3](卷76,2000)
鄰氨基苯甲醚[90-04-0](第73卷,1999年)
三氧化二銻[1309-64-4](卷47,1989)
Aramite?[140-57-8](第5卷,增刊。7 1987)
鹼性嫩黃[492-80-8](工業級)(第1卷,增刊。7 1987)
重氮乙醯絲氨酸[115-02-6](7增刊第10卷,1987年)
氮丙啶[151-56-4](第9卷,第71卷,1999年增刊。7)(註:總體
從3升級到2B評估從其他證據支持
相關數據)
賓士[J]醋蒽烯[202-33-5](第92,在準備中)(註:整體
從3升級到2B評估與配套機械及其他
相關數據)
苯並[a]蒽[56-55-3](7增刊第32卷,第92,在準備)
苯並[b]熒蒽[205-99-2](第32卷,增刊7,卷92;
準備中)
苯並[J]熒蒽[205-82-3](第32卷增刊。7,第92;
準備中)
苯並[K]熒蒽[207-08-9](第32卷增刊。7,第92;
準備中)
苯並呋喃[271-89-6](卷63,1995)
苯並[c]菲[195-19-7](第32卷增刊。7,第92頁;
準備)(註:從3升級到2B的總體評價
從其他相關數據的支持證據)
苄基紫4B [1694-09-3](第16卷增刊1987)
2,2 - 二(溴甲基)丙烷-1,3 - 二醇[3296-90-0](第77卷,2000)
博萊黴素[11056-06-7](第26卷增刊1987)(註:總體
從3升級到2B評估從其他證據支持
相關數據)
蕨菜(第40卷增刊7 1987)
一溴二氯甲烷[75-27-4](第52卷,第71卷,1999年)
丁基羥基茴香醚BHA)[25013-16-5](第40卷增刊1987)
紡織製造業(工作)“(第48卷,1990年)
最後更新2006年12月20日
第3組:不可歸為致癌物質(516)
第4組:可能不會對人類致癌(1)

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