have，是助詞aux.，用以構成完成式及完成式的不定式，表示已經…。當為vt.時，指的是有，具有；拿，取得；從事；必須，不得不。舉行，舉辦。當為n.〈口〉時，指的是有產者，有錢人；富國；〈英俚〉欺騙，詐欺。
基本介紹
- 中文名：have
- 外文名：have
- 性質：英文單詞
- 音標：英[həv]美[hæv]
- 特質：助詞或及物動詞
用法,助詞v.aux,及物動詞vt,名詞n,示例,趣味短語,
用法
助詞v.aux
have/has done現在完成時 had done過去完成時will have done將來完成時would have done過去將來完成時have/has been doing現在完成進行 had been doing過去完成進行
EG.：
They haven't finished the job yet.
他們尚未完成該項工作。
2. (用於虛擬語氣,表示與過去事實相反的假設)(假如那時)...的話
She might have come if she hadn't been so busy.
當時若不是那么忙,她是可能來的。
及物動詞vt
1. 有,擁有[W]
This coat has no pockets.
這件衣服沒有口袋。
注意： have “有，擁有”，其疑問和否定形式有兩種，如：
Do you have a brother? No, I don"t have a brother.
Have you a brother? No, I haven"t a brother.
2. 懷有,持有[W]
Many people have doubts about the new project.
許多人對這項新工程有懷疑。
3. 體驗;經驗;患[W]
We had a wonderful time on the beach.
我們在海灘上玩得好極了。
4. 拿;得到,取得[W]
We gave him a present, but he wouldn't have it.
我們給他一件禮物,但他不肯接受。
5. 進行,從事(某事)
The manager is having a meeting.
經理正在開會。
6. 吃;喝;吸(煙)
They had their lunch in a cafeteria.
他們在一家自助餐廳吃了午飯。
Have a cup of coffee, please.
請喝杯咖啡。
7. 邀請(某人),招待[O]
We had some guests for dinner last night.
我們昨晚請了幾位客人吃飯。
8. (用於否定句中)容忍;允許[O4]
I won't have anyone smoking in here.
我不容許任何人在這裡抽菸。
9. 生得,生育
My wife is going to have a baby.
我妻子快要生孩子了。
10. 使,讓;招致[O7][O8]
Pa's had his hands burned.
爸爸的手給燙傷了。
I've had the stove lighted.
我已經讓人把爐子點著了。
11. 要;叫;使[O3][O4]
I'll be proud to have you read it.
你肯讀它我會感到驕傲的。
12. 必須,不得不[+to-v]
I have to go right now.
我馬上得走。
13. 【俚】哄騙,欺騙[H]
They were had in that deal.
他們在那筆生意上受了騙。
14. 明白,懂得[W]
I guess I have your ideas.
我想我明白你的意思。
15. 【俚】與(女人)性交
名詞n
1. 富人;富國[the P]
The gap between the haves and the have-nots is widening.
貧富之間的差距在擴大
示例
1.have sb do sth
(1) 叫(請，使)某人做某事。如：
I’ll have her post the letter. 我要叫她去寄信。
He had his son clean the car. 他叫他的兒子擦車。
2. have sb (sth) doing sth
(1) 使(讓)某人(某事物)一直做在做某事。如：
He had the light burning all night. 他讓燈亮了一整夜。
Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 沒出幾分鐘他就讓全體聽眾笑起來，鼓起掌來。
(2) 容忍或允許某人做某事(用於否定句，尤與 won’t, can’t連用)。如：
He won’t have boys arriving late. 他不允許孩子們遲到。
I won’t have you smoking at your age. 我不能讓你在這個年紀就抽菸。
(3) 說服或命令某人做某事。如：
He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我為她做各種事情。
3. have sth done
(1) 請(讓)別人做某事。如：
We had the machine repaired. 我們請人修理了機器。
Why don’t you have your hair cut? 你為什麼不理髮?
註：有時指無意志的行為。如：
He had his salary raised. 他加薪了。
(2) 經歷或遭遇某情況。如：
He had his finger cut. 他的手指弄傷了。
I had my watch stolen yesterday. 我的表昨天被人偷去了。
(3) 完成或解決某事。如：
He had 1000 yuan saved last year. 他去年存了1000元。
I’ve had all my mistakes corrected. 我已把所有的錯誤都改正過來了。
(4) 容忍或允許做某事(用於否定句，尤與 won’t, can’t 等連用)。如：
We won’t have anything said against the Party. 我們不允許有人這樣攻擊黨。
4. have sth to do 有某事要做。如：
I have a lot of work to do. 我有許多工作要做。
She has plenty of clothes to wear. 她有足夠的衣服穿。
5. have on
(1) 穿著，戴著。如：
He had nothing on except a hat. 他身上一絲不掛，只是戴了頂帽子。
(2) 有安排，有計畫，有活動。如：
I have nothing on for tonight. 我今晚沒什麼事。
(3) 戲弄，欺騙。如：
You won? You’re not having me on? 你贏了? 沒騙我吧?
趣味短語
have to不得不（強調“客觀”，即來自外界要求）
have fun 玩得開心
have in mind 考慮
have got 擁有
have on 穿著 戴著
have a look 看一看
have no idea 一點也沒聽說過 一點也不知道
have access to 可以到達
have a good time 玩得愉快
have some food 吃點東西
have a rest 休息
have a seat 就坐
have tea 喝茶
have a drink 喝（某東西）
have a swim 游泳
have a try 嘗試
have a talk 談話
have a walk 散步
