glycoside

Glycoside（配糖體）是源自單糖的化合物類名詞，其糖基通過羥基被其他基團取代形成，與非糖苷元通過糖苷鍵連線，常見於毛地黃強心苷等藥用物質中。該詞中文譯作“配醣”“配糖類”，音標為英[ˈglaɪkəsaɪd]/美[ˈglaɪkəsaɪd]，形容詞形式為glycosidic。

這類化合物按糖基種類可分為葡萄糖苷、鼠李糖苷等亞類，天然存在於植物體內並具有生物活性。其命名多源於來源植物或化學結構，如香豆素苷、環烯醚萜苷等，在藥物化學、酶工程及毒理學等領域套用廣泛。重要衍生術語包括強心苷（cardiac glycoside）及含氮糖苷等。

該術語於19世紀中期隨植物化學成分研究興起，詞根“glyco-”取自希臘語“glykys”（甜味），指代化合物中的糖基結構。隨著有機化學發展，其結構逐步解析並衍生出美鼠李皮糖苷等臨床藥物。

基本介紹

• 外文名：glycoside
• 詞性：名詞
• 英式發音：['glaɪkə(ʊ)saɪd]
• 美式發音：['glaɪkə,saɪd]

單詞用法

N any of a group of substances, such as digitoxin, derived from monosaccharides by replacing the hydroxyl group by another group. Many are important medicinal drugs 糖苷類; 其中很多為重要的藥品 → see also glucoside

短語搭配

primary glycoside[生化] 初級苷 ; 一級苷 ; 初級苷

iridoid glycoside 香豆素 ; [生化] 環烯醚萜苷

xanthonoid glycoside 呫噸酮苷 ; 噸酮苷

Kaempferol Glycoside 山柰素 ; 山柰酚的糖甙

Cyanophorie glycoside 葉

Campesteryl glycoside 葡萄糖甘凝酯醇

betunidin glycoside 矮牽牛素糖甙

glycoside compounds 化合物

cascara glycoside 美鼠李皮糖苷

雙語例句

• 1It can hydrolysis glucuronide glycoside bond, releasing the glucuronic acid and ligand.它能夠特異性水解葡萄糖醛酸苷糖甙鍵，釋放出葡萄糖醛酸和配基。
• 2A glycoside, the sugar component of which is glucose.雙糖的糖苷配基是一個單糖單元的苷。
• 3The flavone glycoside content in walnut benevolence is 0.測定核桃仁隔膜中黃酮苷含量為0。
• 4Rhubarb contains toxic Oxalates and anthraquinone glycoside.大黃含有毒草酸以及蒽醌苷。
• 5Objective To search for triterpene glycoside with new structure.目的：尋找結構新穎的三萜皂苷類化合物。
• 6Conclusion: Pregnenolone sialic glycoside has memory enhancing effects.結論：孕烯醇酮唾液酸苷有記憶增強作用。
• 7Stilbene glycoside; Vascular dementia; Behavioral; Free radical metabolism.二苯乙烯苷；血管性痴呆；行為學；自由基代謝。
• 8This glycoside saxitoxin hybrid goes to work in the blood stream instantly.配糖蛤蚌毒素複合體。能迅速在血液里奏效。
• 9However, the effect of adding glycoside ligands to feeds requires further study.但添加糖配體在實際生產中的效果值得進一步研究。
• 10Umbelliferae plants mainly contain essential oil, coumarin, chromone and glycoside.傘形科植物的成分主要有揮髮油、香豆素、色原酮及其苷類。
• 11METHODS: The flavone glycoside content in Kangmailing Capsule was determined by HPLC.方法：採用HPLC法對製劑中主要成分銀杏黃酮醇苷進行定量分析。
• 12The expression of ICAM-1 in BHD, alkaloid and glycoside groups were decreased(P<0.05).補陽還五湯組、生物鹼組、苷組ICAM-1表達低於模型組（P<0.05）。
• 13CONCLUSION Alcohol sedimentation is a better method in extracting monoterpene glycoside.結論水提醇沉法提取山茱萸單萜甙較好。
• 14Cardiac oedema: All forms of cardiac oedema in conjunction with adequate glycoside therapy.心臟水腫：一切形式的心臟水腫在與足夠的苷治療。
• 15Selectivity modification of glycoside by glycosidase is one of the most fascinating topics.利用糖苷酶對糖基化合物的糖基定向改造工程是目前一個研究的熱點。
• 16The conclusion was that geranyl glycoside could be used as a flavor material in cigarette flavoring.結論：香葉醇糖苷可以作為香原料套用到捲菸中。
• 17RESULTS the glycoside content of Epimedium was found the highest in leaves, the lowest in the stems.結果淫羊藿苷在葉片中含量最高，地上莖最低。
• 18Uva Ursi: Contains the glycoside arbutin, which has antimicrobial properties and ACTS as a mild diuretic.熊果葉：包含苷熊果苷，具有抗菌特性，作為。
• 19Objective Adopt ethanol as the solevent to extract balsamper glycoside, and established the optimum process.目的採用乙醇提取苦瓜皂甙，確定最佳工藝。
• 20Objective: To investigate the antiamnesic effect of pregnenolone sialic glycoside on memory impairment in mice.目的：研究孕烯醇酮唾液酸苷對小鼠記憶障礙的改善作用。
• 21The results show that the glycoside content of Epimedium is the highest in leaves, but the lowest in the stems.結果表明，淫羊藿苷在葉片中含量最高，地上莖最低。
• 22It shows that the stereostructures of monosaccharide and its glycoside have a close relation with their optical activity.證明單糖及其甙的立體結構和旋光性的關係是十分密切的。
• 23Among them, component I was purer anthocyanins, they were peonidin-3– glycoside and delphinidin -3- glycoside-rhamnoside.其中，組分I為純度較高的花色苷，分別為芍藥色素-3-葡萄糖苷和飛燕草花色素-3-葡萄糖鼠李糖苷；
• 24The activity of glycoside has direct relationship with aglycone in Centalla asiatica through the research in recent years.近年來經過研究發現，這些積雪草所含苷類的活性與苷元由直接的關係。
• 25The objective of the study is to optimize the process for extraction technology of total iridoid glycoside of Cape Jasmine Fruit.優選梔子總環烯醚萜苷的提取工藝路線。
• 26OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the free radical-scavenging and anticoagulant activities of Total paeony glycoside (TPG) extracts in vitro.目的：研究赤芍總苷(TPG)提取液體外清除自由基和抗凝血的活性。
• 27One man explains, "This glycoside saxitoxin hybrid goes to work in the blood stream instantly," as his hand moves across the beakers before him.其中一個人向另一個解釋，“蛤蚌毒素和配糖混合物能即刻在血液中發生反應，”他的手擺弄著身前的燒杯。
• 28One man explains, "This glycoside saxitoxin hybrid goes to work in the blood stream instantly, " as his hand moves across the beakers before him.其中一個人向另一個解釋，“蛤蚌毒素和配糖混合物能即刻在血液中發生反應，”他的手擺弄著身前的燒杯。