基本介紹
- 中文名：屠蓓
- 民族：漢族
- 出生日期：1939
- 性別：女
學術研究及內容,個人作品,主要經歷,個人思想,個人語錄,講座中建議,
學術研究及內容
主要從事語言學、語言與跨文化交際研究，開設英語語音、社會語言學、美國文化等課程。曾任套用英語學院副院長，出國人員培訓部主任，現任套用英語學院學術委員會負責人。
個人作品
主要論著：《世界小說名著故事梗概》、《英語讀寫教程》（1-2冊）、《美國文化多元化及其對語言和外語教學的影響》、《現代英語教程》、《英語語音》等。1985年至1999年間所作學術報告和講座題目：《論適用於中國國情的教學法--綜合法》、《社會語言學與外語教學》、《英語重音與語調》、《多元文化對美國英語的影響》、《美國英語及其社會文化語境》。
主要經歷
中國語音界權威北京外國語大學教授，研究方向為語言學（側重套用語言學及英語語音學）和語言與跨文化交際。
1962年--2001年 在北京外國語大學從事教學
1980年8月--11月 法國巴黎教科文組織中文科譯員
1982年--1983年 美國亞利桑那州立大學研究生兼助教
1992年--1993年 美國伊利諾州米立金大學訪問學者
1998年--1999年 美國華盛頓州皮爾斯學院講授中國文化
1972年--1998年 中央人民廣播電台及北京人民廣播電台多次講授英語課程
2002年10月--11月澳大利亞悉尼大學英語強化班中方教授
個人思想
個人語錄
“我要和美國人講得一模一樣！”“我要和英國人講得一模一樣！”我們許多人都把語音的目標定得非常之高。需要嗎？不需要。對於大多數人來說，學英語是為了交流。交流是書面的交流和口頭的交流。我們只要達到這個交流的目的就行了。所以，我們訂立的英語語音的目標應該是：跟美國人交流，英國人交流的時候，他能夠聽懂你的話(understandable)，他覺得可以就行了。如果再能讓人家很舒服地聽懂(comfortably understandable)，那就更好了。
講座中建議
為了達到這個目標，我們應該朝著哪個方向努力呢？我們首要需要解決的發音問題是什麼呢？
What are the priorities for Chinese learners?
什麼是中國的英語學習者首要解決的發音問題？
What are the priorities for Chinese learners? I’m going to spend most of the time on the last two topics. For the Chinese learners, remember, the tips, the tips are coming. What are the priorities for Chinese learners?再把這句話說一遍中文是什麼？對中國學英語的人來說，最首要要解決的問題是什麼？All right? This is very important, because in English pronunciation, you have a lot of aspects. 英文裡頭語音當中項目也挺多的，for instance, sounds, consonants, vowels, 就是語音有單音，有元音，有輔音，and stresses, intonation, linkage連讀, loss of plosion, incomplete plosion, 失去爆破，等等，intonation, and rhythm, a lot of things. But what are the most important things for us Chinese students to solve? All right? Number 1. Weak forms.可能大家沒想到吧，怎么把弱讀放在第一個？Yes. Yes. I want to stress this. I want to emphasize. 我今天就要強調這個,weak forms. Because this is very important. Ok, let’s go on. Word stress. Stress,重音, Word stress,單詞重音. Next one must be sentence stress (語句重音). And the next one, rhythm. This is a new word. Actually you are very good at rhythm. Young people, nowadays, are very good at rhythm. 現在的年輕人，這個rhythm 特別好。節奏特別好。Because of disco, disco, dancing. Rhythm就是節奏。Learn this word after me. 學這個字。 Read after me: Rhythm…rhythm…rhythm. Very good. Ok? Next one. Intonation. Ok? Intonation. I think these are priorities for Chinese students. If you want to learn English pronunciation well, you must put these things first on the top of your list. Is that ok? All right.
Now you probably will ask me a question. What about the sounds, vowels and consonants? 你的意思就是說元音和輔音就不重要了？No. I didn’t mean that. 我沒有說它們不重要。我是說它們的重要程度對中國學生來說沒有這幾個更重要。Single sounds are important. 這個……單音也重要。單音重要是在什麼情況下？在它不影響你理解意思的情況下，單音可以稍稍馬虎一點。For instance, pleasure. This sound appears in just a few words in English. 英文裡頭有這個音的詞不是特別多。所以它不太容易引起誤解。如果你發得不是特別好，你說It’s a pleasure to me. People understand you. All right? People understand you. It does not affect understandability.它不影響人的理解，就不太要緊。But listen, I give you some examples. He is sick.他生病了。Right? If you say [θik], [θ], what does [θik] mean? Meaning he is stupid腦子笨. [θ] and [ s ]在這種情況下單音就一定要發準，because they affect understandability, 影響理解了。Is that right? He is sick and he is thick. Now give you another example. Listen. Somebody said to me, “I have a lot of keys.”你有好多鑰匙啊？No, no, I have a lot of keys. 喔，你有好多大大小小的鑰匙啊？Oh, no, no, I have a lot of keys. They call me Mommy. 喔，你有好多鑰匙，他們叫你…Oh, no…no, not keys, oh, you mean kids. 喔，你有好多小孩，他們都叫你媽媽。I have a lot of keys. You should have said…How to say it? Kids. Kids. Kids. Well, this is important. 單音到這個地方就重要了，它影響你的理解了就重要了。Don’t say I have a lot of keys. 在中國也沒有這種情況，I have a lot of kids. So these things are important. Why…why are they so important? I finished this. Ok. Please move on. Number 5.
此外，屠蓓教授就弱讀問題進行了補充說明。
weak forms是我們中國學生比較，最弱的一條。
Because we know how to read the strong forms, for instance, from, I’m from Beijing. No, no. I am from Beijing. 要弱讀。弱讀的裡頭,please look at me. 主要是〔Y〕這個音。Please remember this 〔Y〕. If you remember this lecture, you remember this 〔Y〕. All right? Because this is very very important. You know, all the weak forms, almost all the weak forms, you can use this 〔Y〕instead of the other forms or tools. All right? Yes. Where do you study? Ok. Let’s read them, use 〔Y〕. 這個of, 讀作〔Yv〕, 讀作a cup of tea. A glass of water. A block of flats. The book that I want. I want to emphasize this. I hear a lot of people say the book that I want. That’s wrong. But you can say I want that book. 這個that 是指示代詞。But, 連詞的時候只能讀[],Ok? Bread and butter. All right. I want to talk about this bread and butter. All right. And, this word can be read in several ways. 一個是〔?d〕，一個是讀作〔Ynd〕.All right? 今天我們練的就是〔Yn〕。Now please listen to me. Bread and butter. 現在我們這樣讀，bread, butter，當眾加一個〔Yn〕。Ok? One. Two. Very good. Beautiful English. Say it again. Bread and butter. Bread and bread. 省得你又說bread 〔?nd〕butter. 聽了又費勁，又不好聽。Let’s do it again. Ladies 〔Yn〕 gentlemen. Ladies 〔Yn〕 gentlemen. Don’t say Ladies 〔?nd〕gentlemen. Let’s say it again. Ladies 〔Yn〕 gentlemen. Very good. Next time, if you give a lecture, you say Ladies 〔Yn〕 gentlemen. 一下子就把人鎮住了。Oh. Yes. 英文太地道了。Let’s do it again. Bread 〔Yn〕 butter. Ladies 〔Yn〕 gentlemen. It’s very good. Do you agree with me. This, this weak forms are very important. Yes. Yes. Very important. Please practice.
講座最後，屠蓓教授指出：The earlier, the better, but it’s never too late to learn.越早學英語, 你的發音會越好，但是任何時候開始學英語都不晚。
Practice makes perfect. Pronunciation is a skill, an ability. 發音, 練發音是什麼? 它是一種技巧,是一種能力.It’s just like practice piano, practice ballet dance. The more effort, the more time you put in, the better. I think if you work hard, you will make it.
