CarbonylCarbonyl是化學領域的英語名詞，指由碳與氧通過雙鍵（=CO）連線形成的二價官能團，中文譯為“羰基”或“碳醯”。其發音為英['kɑːbənaɪl]/美['kɑrbənɪl]，派生形容詞形式為carbonylic。該術語既涵蓋羰基本體結構，也指代含羰基的金屬化合物，如羰基鈷（cobalt carbonyl）、羰基鈾（uranium carbonyl）等。
羰基作為關鍵官能團廣泛存在於有機物及金屬絡合物中，參與羰基加成、合成催化等反應。其衍生物如碳醯溴、硫化羰（carbonyl sulfide）套用於工業催化與材料科學。生物化學中，羰基與碳氧血紅蛋白（carbonyl hemoglobin）、羰基還原酶（carbonyl reductase）等功能相關。食品檢測領域，羰基化合物分析涉及國家標準如GB 5009.11-2014。術語搭配如羰基化合物（carbonyl compound）、羰基鍵（carbonyl link）等進一步擴展其套用語境。
基本介紹
- 外文名：carbonyl
- 詞性：名詞
- 英式發音：['kɑːbənaɪl; -nɪl]
- 美式發音：['kɑrbənɪl]
單詞用法,短語搭配,雙語例句,
單詞用法
柯林斯英漢雙解大詞典
carbonyl /ˈkɑːbəˌnaɪl, -nɪl/
1.N of, consisting of, or containing the divalent group =CO 含有或與碳醯基二價原子團有關 [chem]
短語搭配
carbonyl bromide[有化] 碳醯溴 ; 氧溴化碳 ; 溴化羰基 ; 羰值
carbonyl hemoglobin 碳氧血紅蛋白 ; 羰絡血紅蛋白
carbonyl cobalt 羰基鈷 ; 詳細翻譯
metal carbonyl 羰絡金屬 ; 羰基金屬 ; 金屬羰基合物 ; 翻譯
carbonyl reagent 羰基試劑
Carbonyl diamide 碳醯二胺 ; 碳醯胺 ; 尿素 ; 羰基二胺
carbonyl addition 羰基加成反應 ; 羰基加成
carbonyl reductase 羰基還原酶 ; 碳醯還原酶
uranium carbonyl 羰基鈾
雙語例句
- 1This radical attacks the carbonyl group to an intermediate bicyclic ketyl.烷基自由基對羰基進行進攻，生成雙環的羰自由基中間體。
- 2The 4-methoxy-phenylhydroxy-acetic acid was synthesized by the carbonyl addition reaction of 4-methoxybenzaldehyde.通過4-甲氧基苯甲醛的羰基加成反應合成4-甲氧基-苯基羥基乙酸。
- 3No evidence for carbonyl formation was observed.殼聚糖輻照後並未發現有羰基形成。
- 4The temperature of carbonyl synthesis reaction is studied.摘要對羰基合成反應的溫度進行了研究。
- 5An emphasis is given to the supported metal carbonyl clusters.重點在擔載金屬羰基簇。
- 6Behaviour of precious metals in carbonyl process was investigated.考察貴金屬在羰化過程中的行為。
- 7Abstract; the temperature of carbonyl synthesis reaction is studied.對撥基合成反應的溫度進行了研究。
- 8Substratesinclude phenols, carbonyl compounds, alcohols, and amines, etc.涉及的底物有酚、羰基化合物、醇和胺等。
- 9Four types of carbonyl derivatives of benzotriazole (BTA) were synthesized.合成了四種苯駢三氮唑(BTA)的醯基衍生物。
- 10The chemical reductants fail to reduce carbonyl group under ambient conditions.羰基在一般條件下不易被化學還原劑還原。
- 11Influence of concentration of carbonyl iron on static magnetism was not obvious.五羰基鐵濃度對複合粒子的靜磁性能影響不明顯。
- 12Methyl formate becomes more and more important as a new source of carbon in the carbonyl synthesis.甲酸甲酯作為新的碳源，在羰基合成化學中的作用越來越受到重視。
- 13The volatile carbonyl compounds are one of most poisonous components in cigarette mainstream smoke.揮發性羰基化合物是捲菸主流煙氣中主要有害成分之一。
- 14A significant increase in plasma carbonyl levels during perfusion was seen after 25 and 40 min WIT only.在經歷25分鐘和40分鐘的WIT後，灌注期間出現明顯的血漿羧基水平的升高。
- 15The surface lipids undergo oxidation, generating many compounds containing hydroxyl and carbonyl groups.表面的類脂物氧化後，產生許多化合物，包括羥基和羰基化合物。
- 16The surface lipids undergo oxidation generating many compounds containing... hydroxyl and carbonyl groups.表面的類脂物氧化後，產生許多化合物，包括羥基和羰基化合物。
- 17Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds with the Carbonyl Group as an Electrophile with H, C, N and O Nucleophiles.作為親電體的羰基與作為親核體的H，C，N和O的羰基化合物反應。
- 18Chiral carbonyl iron systems have seldom been used in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones.手性羰基鐵絡合物很少被用於芳香酮的不對稱氫轉移氫化。
- 19The method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of carbonyl compounds in ambient air samples.該方法成功地套用到對大氣中羰基化合物的定量檢測。
- 20This paper discusses the current polarographic research of carbonyl compound in proton & proton inert solvent.本文綜述了羰基化合物在質子和質子惰性溶劑中的極譜研究現狀。
- 21FTIR results indicate that terbium ions coordinated with the carbonyl groups in polyurethane molecular chains.紅外光譜研究結果表明，鋱離子與聚氨酯分子鏈中的羰基發生了配位作用。
- 22Then, the same method was used to study the concentrations of carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere in Guangzhou.隨後利用此方法對廣州市區大氣中的羰基化合物進行了研究。
- 23The mechanism of methanol carbonylation catalyzed by a chelated square planar carbonyl rhodium complex was studied.報導了螯合型正方平面羰基銠配合物催化甲醇羰基化反應的機理研究。
- 24This paper discussed the variation in the shape and surface state of the carbonyl nickel powder with particulate size.論述了羰基鎳粉末的顆粒形狀和表面狀態隨粒度大小的變化規律。
- 25We discuss the syntheses, structural pattern and electron counting of six molybdenum-iron mixed metal carbonyl clusters.本文總結了六種鉬—鐵混合金屬羰基原子簇化合物的合成、結構類型和電子計數。
- 26This dissertation studied allylation reactions of carbonyl compounds promoted by inorganic salts or carbon dioxide in aqueous media.本論文主要研究了水相中無機鹽和二氧化碳促進羰基化合物烯丙基化反應。
- 27A novel magnetorheological fluid was prepared with nanometer lithium magnesium silicate, carbonyl iron particle, silicon oil and so on.以納米矽酸鎂鋰、羰基鐵粉、矽油等原料製備了一種穩定性好的磁流變液。
- 28Carbonyl low medium temperature transformation reaction is an important reaction process in petrochemical and synthetic ammonia productions.一氧化碳中—低溫變換反應是石油化工和合成氨生產中的重要反應過程。
- 29Complexing reaction activates the carbon monoxide, so that the metallic carbonyl complexes are excellent catalysts in the organic synthesis.絡合反應使一氧化碳活化，因此，金屬羰合物是有機合成中的優良催化劑。
