漏字文

漏字文

有意避免使用某個或某幾個特定字母的寫成的文章稱漏字文(英語lipogram,希臘語lipagrammatos,意為“失蹤的字母”),漏字文可能在寫作或文字遊戲中出現。公元前5世紀希臘詩人里斐奧多魯斯(Tryphiodorus)寫的24卷史詩中,每一卷都省略希臘字母中的一個不同字母。

基本介紹

  • 中文名:漏字文
  • 外文名:lipogram
  • 希臘語:lipagrammatos
  • 意為:“失蹤的字母”
定義,舉例,例1,例2,例3,全字母與漏字文,英語中的例子,完美的全字母句,其它語言中的,克漏字,

定義

一般,被省略的元音是常見的元音(如英語中的e)(McArthur,1992),一個漏字文的作者在他的文章中只使用除e以外的25個字母寫作。

舉例

例1

看看下面這句話有什麼問題?
QUOTE:
This is an unusual paragraph. I'm curious how quickly you can find out what is so unusual about it. It looks so plain you would think nothing was wrong with it! Infact, nothing is wrong with it! It is unusual though. Study it, and think about it, but you still may not find any thing odd. But if you work at it a bit, you might find out! Try to do so without any coaching!
答案:這段話里竟然沒有一個字母e!
Lipogram就是指的這樣一個段落(甚至文章),裡面缺少某個常用的字母。在所有的Lipogram中,寫一個沒有字母e的文章是最難的,因為字母e出現的頻率最高。

例2

看一個比較長的Lipogram。下面這篇文章里硬是沒有一個字母e!
QUOTE:
Looking at this paragraph with confusion?I'll aid you slightly.Is any odd gap,lacuna or omission obvious to you?Got it now?No?
That's right-this is a lipogram-a book,paragraph or similar thing in writing that lacks a symbol,particularly(but not always)that symbol fifth in rank out of our 26 script-signs (found amidst 'd' and 'f'), which stands for a sound such as that in 'kiwi'. I won't bring it up right now, to avoid spoiling it. I could play with lipograms morning, noon and night.Soit is with joy that Isubmit to you this location–truly,a loquacious location–for lipo gram fanatics to join a saun it to glorify this form of word play.
AsfarasIknow,thislocationhasadistincthonour:itcontainssuchanabundantquantityofwordswithoutusingthistabooglyphthatnoWWWlocationcanoutmatchit.Asofrightnow,itcontains1500wordswithoutanyhintofthatsymbol.Naturally,manylonglipogramsaboundinprint,includingbooks,rhymingstanzas,andsimilarworksoffiction.Mostnotably,LaDisparition(AVoid)byafamousauthorofawritinggroupknownasOulipo,standsoutasaparagonoflipogrammaticity.Icannotaimtosurpassit,butasafan,Icanlookuponitwithadmiration.
Writinglipogramsis,asyoumightthink,adifficulttask.Inmylingo,2/3ofallwordscontainthatsymbolwhichIamnowavoiding,includingmanycommonpronounsandsimilarwordscommonlyfoundinwriting.Withoutusingabbrvs.,slangandoddjargon,whichmostpuristsscornascop-outs,it'sdarntoughtoimpartinformationinastylisticallysatisfyingway.Strippingparagraphsofparticularsymbolshasawayofmakinglookingatlipogramsjarring.Nodoubtaboutit,alipogramisaparticularlyarduousformofwordplay.
Havingsaidthis,acquiringaknackforlipogramcompositionisn'tthathard,andmayassistyouinyournon-lipogrammaticwriting.NottosaythatI'mwithoutaidinthisactivity;mydictionaryisalwayshandy,asisabookwithsynonymsforwords.And,notwithstandinganydrawbacksflowingfrompassingmanyanhourlookingforunusualwaystosayordinarythings,itmightaidyoursocializationskills.Chickstrulydiglipogrammatists,orsomyoldladysays.
Sadly,ahandfulofcriticsfindlipogramsridiculous,uglyorwithoutworth(asfictionoraswordplay).Tosuchsorrysaps,Isayonlythatinconstrainingyourthoughtsandwritinginaparticularwayaidsinpromotingbranchingpathsofthought,thusamplifyingvocabularyandinstillingadroitlinguisticskillsamongbothyoungandold.Byputtingintopraxiswaysofthinkingthatwouldn'toccurnormally,lipogramscallforauthorstolookatwritingasanactivityinwaysthat,frankly,wouldn'toccurtosuchnigglingadjudicatorsoflinguisticconduct.
Withholdingasymbolfoundinsomanywordshasdrasticsymptomsthatdisallowmanytopicsofdiscussion.(Fromthispointon,I'llsticktotalkingaboutthatsignI'mskippingrightnow).Usingmathisalmostanimpossibility;youcanonlymaintain15ofallnon-digitalwordsforcardinalquantityupto100,andhardlyanyatallpastthatpoint,thoughusingdigitsisagoodwayout.Youcangonorthorsouth,buttalkingaboutcircumnavigatingourworldlatitudinallyisanimpossibility.HowcanIpossiblytalkaboutvariouskindsofmaltliquor,orpartsofmybody,withoutit?Totopitalloff,asanAnglo,strictprohibitionsapplytonamingofmyownformoflinguisticcommunication.IoughttothankmyluckystarsthatI'mnotwritinginlipogrammaticfran?ais,though,whichholdsontoonlyanoctalportionofitsoriginalvocabulary.
Butallisnotlost.Surprisingly,profanityismostlyintact.Asapracticinglipogrammatist,you'llfindyouwantmanysuchwords,foritisatasksoawkwardastocallforcussingandcursingonanormalbasis.Aworldmapistrulyablissfuloasis;mycountry(Canada)istotallysatisfactory,aswithmosttoponymsfornations(111outof186,bymycount);withabitofwork,USA,UK,andsoon,canstillshowup,andwithtwinislandnationsTrinidadandTobagoandAntiguaandBarbuda(bothwith17glyphs)toppingmylistforprolongation.Musicians(particularlyclassicalartists),astonishingly,holdfirmastopicsofdiscussion,withBach,Bartok,Brahms,Chopin,Dvorak,Haydn,Holst,Liszt,Mozart,orff,Puccini,Rachmaninov,Rossini,Scarlatti,Schumann,Strauss,Stravinsky,TchaikovskyandVivaldivoidofmylostnon-consonant.
AnadditionalbranchoffamilyLipogrammaticaconsistsofunivocalics.Thisformofwordplayisakintoalipogram,butcontainsasolitarysignthat'snotaconsonant.Towit,aunivocalicmightomit'a','i','o',and'u'(butwhatabout'y'?).Aunivocalichasasonorantqualitythatalipogramlacks,soyoumustlookatalipogram,butcontrarily,aunivocalicisbothauditoryandvisual,andhasastrongsoundifsaidaloud.Univocalicwritingishardtopulloff,butifit'sgood,itspayoffisgigantic.
上文中舉出的省略e的漏字文即是這篇:
Alipogramisakindofwritingwithconstraintsconsistingofwritingfullparagraphsorbooksinwhichaparticularsymbol,suchasthatfifthsymbol(whichismostcommonintalks),ismissing.Anauthormustsubmittoanawfulhandicap,allowingonlyconsonantsandA,I,O,andU.Thisisordinarilyaquorumofsixfoursplushalfoftwo.
(漏字文是受到約束的,在這種文章中,一個特定的符號(如第五個符號,它在講話中最常出現)被省略。作者必須服從可怕的阻礙,只使用輔音aiou進行寫作。通常,被規則允許的字母數是四個六加二的一半也就是25個)

例3

這次讀者更難發現其中的怪異現象;
Thisisanunusualparagraph.I'mcurioushowquicklyyoucanfindoutwhatissounusualaboutit?Itlookssoplainyouwouldthinknothingwaswrongwithit!Infact,nothingiswrongwithit!Itisunusualthough.Studyit,andthinkaboutit,butyoustillmaynotfindanythingodd.Butifyouworkatitabit,youmightfindout!Trytodosowithoutanycoaching!
(這是一段不同尋常的文章。我對閣下能在多長時間內發現這段文章的奇異之處深表好奇。它看上去很普通,你可能認為它沒什麼錯誤!事實上,它確實沒有錯誤!可是它仍然是不同尋常的。研究它,思考它,但你可能仍發現不了它任何的古怪之處。但是,如果你的研究再深入一點的話,你可能就會發現它的奇妙之處!在沒有指導的情況下自己試著發現這一奇妙之處吧!)
寫出一篇不含字母zjx的漏字文很容易,但寫出一篇不含常見字母e的漏字文則很難。如此寫作很不切實際,因為作者必須略去不用很多常用單詞,結果造成文章生硬難懂。寫得好的漏字文數量很少。
包括上述的例子在內,以及ErnestVincentWright寫的《Gadsby》(1939)和GeorgesPerec寫的《AVoid》(《LaDisparition》)(1969),都是缺少了字母e(法語和英語中最常見的字母)的漏字文。Perec是一群稱作Oulipo的法國作家中的一員,這群作家在他們的作品中採用了多種帶有約束性質的寫法。GilbertAdair翻譯的《LaDisparition》(譯名叫《AVoid》),忠實於法語原著的精神,全篇譯文中沒有使用一個e,這一嚴格限制導致譯者連英語中諸如the和me之類的常用詞也不能使用。
近來的另一個例子是ChristianB?k寫的《Eunoia》,在書的每一章中,都只用了一個元音字母。例如,第四章並沒有出現字母a、e、i和u。該章中一個典型的句子是:“ProfsfromOxfordshowfroshwhodopost-docshowtoglossworksofWordsworth.”只使用一個元音字母寫成的漏字文稱單音文(英語:univocalic)(McArthur,1992)
MarkDunn寫的《EllaMinnowPea》被描述為是“日益增多的漏字文文體寓言(progressivelylipogrammaticepistolaryfable)”:故事情節是一個小國開始將使用某些字母定為非法,當某一個字母在文中被定為非法時,小說原文中基本上就不再出現該字母了。它並非嚴格意義上的漏字文,然而,因為非法字母在文中有時合理地出現(故事主角因使用了非法字母而被放逐),並且,當情節需要而要搜尋一個全字母句時,所有26個字母顯然都會用上。同樣,在故事的後面,作者開始使用同音字母來代替那些不能使用的字母(例如,用ph代替f,用g代替c),可能有人認為這一行為具有欺騙性。
瑞典,由於需要,在Link?ping大學(Link?pingUniversity)發展出了一種形式的漏字文。因為檔案在電腦平台間共享和移動時,不同電腦平台間字母?、?、?、?、?和?的內在表示法(internalrepresentation)是不同的,傳統上,在編寫原始碼的注釋時不會使用這幾個字母。但遵守這種限制來寫文章仍被人當作消遣。

全字母與漏字文

包含有字母表中所有字母並且言之成義的句子稱為全字母句(英語pangram或holoalphabeticsentence,希臘語pangramma(意為“每一個字母”))。全字母句被用於顯示字型和測試打字機。英語中最知名的全字母句是“Thequickbrownfoxjumpsoverthelazydog(敏捷的棕色狐狸跳過懶狗身上)”。
一般,有趣的全字母句都很短;寫出一個包含有最少重複字母的全字母句是一件富有挑戰性的工作。長的全字母句在正確的前提下,顯著地富有啟迪性,或是很幽默,或是很古怪。從某種意義上,全字母句是漏字文(英語Lipogram)的對立物,因為後者在文章中有意不使用一個或幾個特定字母。

英語中的例子

*Howrazorback-jumpingfrogscanlevelsixpiquedgymnasts!(49個字母)(被Macintosh,System7用於字型範例)
*CrazyFrederickaboughtmanyveryexquisiteopaljewels.(48個字母)
*Sixtyzipperswerequicklypickedfromthewovenjutebag.(48個字母)
*JohnPrady,givemeablackwalnutboxofquitesmallsize.(47個字母)
*SixbigdevilsfromJapanquicklyforgothowtowaltz.(44個字母)
*Mygirlwovesixdozenplaidjacketsbeforeshequit.(43個字母)
*Cozylummoxgivessmartsquidwhoasksforjobpen.(41個字母)(被Macintosh和較後期的System7用於字型範例)
*Adjustingquiverandbow,Zompyckilledthefox.(39個字母)
*MyfaxedjokewonapagerinthecableTVquizshow.(39個字母)
*Thequickbrownfoxjumpsoverthelazydog.(35個字母)(被Windows用作範例文稿、Chrome核心的設定內的外觀中自定義字型預覽)
*Thequickbrownfoxjumpsoveralazydog.(33個字母)
*Thejay,pig,fox,zebraandmywolvesquack!(33個字母)
*Packmyboxwithfivedozenliquorjugs.(32個字母)(被BeagleBros用於字型範例)
*Fewquipsgalvanizedthemockjurybox.(32個字母)
*Jackdawslovemybigsphinxofquartz.(31個字母)(被WindowsXP用於在察看某些字型時的範例文稿)
*Thefiveboxingwizardsjumpquickly.(31個字母)
*Howquicklydaftjumpingzebrasvex.(30個字母)
*Twodrivenjockshelpfaxmybigquiz.(30個字母)
*Brightvixensjump;dozyfowlquack.(29個字母)
*QuickwaftingzephyrsvexboldJim.(29個字母)
*Quickzephyrsblow,vexingdaftJim.(29個字母)
*Sphinxofblackquartz,judgemyvow.(29個字母)
*Waltz,badnymph,forquickjigsvex.(28個字母)
*Brickquizwhangsjumpyveldtfox.(28個字母)
依據2006年2月的雜誌《單詞之路:娛樂語言學之旅》(WordWays:TheJournalofRecreationalLinguistics)中所說,被發現的自然存在於文學作品中的最短的全字母句(雖然不是整個句子)是在LilliedeHagermann-Lindencrone於1912年寫的書《在記憶的庭院中》(IntheCourtsofMemory)中。該句是“Isang,andthoughtIsangverywell;buthejustlookedupintomyfacewithaveryquizzicalexpression,andsaid,‘Howlonghavebeensinging,Mademoiselle?’”,共56個字母。該雜誌在2006年5月那一期中,又展示了在網際網路上發現的47個字母的全字母句:“JoBlo'smoviereviewofTheYards:MarkWahlberg,JoaquinPhoenix,CharlizeTheron...”。

完美的全字母句

每一個字母都只出現一次的全字母句就是完美的全字母句,這是全字母句遊戲中難度最高的。若不使用晦澀的單詞和專有名詞則很難寫出完美的全字母句,注意,要求一個最純淨的句子的人連用了詞首大寫字母都認為這不是全字母句。
*Blowzynight-frumpsvex'dJackQ.
*GlumSchwartzkopfvex'dbyNJIQ.
*Newjob:fixMr.Gluck'shazyTV,PDQ!
o(包括5個標點符號)
*Squdgyfez,blankjimpcrwthvox!
o意為AshortbrimlessfelthatbarelyblocksoutthesoundofaCelticviolin.(一頂短的、無邊緣的氈帽只能封住凱爾特小提琴的聲音)(克勞德·艾爾伍德·香農創造)
*Frowzythingsplumbvex'dJackQ.
*J.Q.Vandzstruckmybigfoxwhelp.
*Quartzglyphjobvex'dcwmfinks.
*Phlegmsfyrdwuzqvintjackbox.
*Zing,vextcwmflyjabsKurdqoph.
*Cwmfjordbankglyphsvextquiz.
*JumblingvextfrowzyhacksPDQ.
o意為Beingbouncedaroundquicklyannoyedthedisheveledtaxidrivers.(快速地在四處移動令衣冠不整的計程車司機苦惱)(所有的單詞都可以在中學詞典中找到)
*Mr.Jock,TVQuizPh.D,bagsfewlynx.
*Veldtjynxgrimpswaqfzhobuck.
*Junkyqophflagsvextcrwdzimb.
*Bcfhjmpqvxyzisn'taklugeword.
*Quack:XLVDzitgrewofnymph'sBJ
o意為Afraudulentdoctorattributeshugegenitalwarttooralsexperformedbyyounglady.(一個不誠實的醫生將巨大的生殖器疣產生的原因歸結於跟年輕女士口交)
*Cwmfjordvegbalksnthpyxquiz.
o意為Relaxinginbasinsattheendofinletsputsanendtothetestfromthebox.(結束了拳擊測試,在水灣末端的盆中放鬆)(‘nth’不是縮寫詞)

其它語言中的

全字母句
所有字母
*保加利亞語
oЖълтатадюлябешещастлива,чепухът,койтоцъфна,замръзнакатогьон.
+意為Theyellowquincewashappythatthefluff,whichbloomed,frozelikesole-leather(黃色的榲桲樹很高興,因為的繁盛的軟毛凍得像鞋底皮那樣)
*加泰羅尼亞語
o(包含?)Jovexef,portiwhiskyambquinzegla?onsd'hidrogen,coi!
+意為Youngchef,bringwhiskywithfifteenhydrogenicecubes,damn!(年輕的廚師,拿來了15個氫的冰塊,譴責他!)
*丹麥語
oQuizdeltagernespistejordb?rmedfl?de,menscirkusklovnenWaltherspilledep?xylofon
+意為ThequizparticipantsatestrawberrieswithcreamwhileWaltherthecircusclownplayedthexylophone
*德語
oSexyqualijf,dochbangvoor'tzwempak
+意為Sexyofbody,thoughscaredoftheswimsuit
oPa'swijzelynxbezagvroomhetfikseaquaduct
+意為Dad'swiselynxpiouslyobservedthesturdyaqueduct.
o一些其它的句子:"Filmquizbrachtknappeex-yogivandewijs","Maxboft:z'nvrouwisquatypedegelijk","LexbederftUwquizmettypischvakjargon","Zwichtexquisblondje,gapvijfmark","Z'ndomexquiswijfjebrachtvlugkip.","Sexydamebezorgtchiquevolkjefijnewip".
*世界語
oLa?LudovikoZamenhofbongustasfre?a?e?aman?a?okunspicoj.
+意為AccordingtoLudwigZamenhof,freshCzechfoodwithspicestastesgood.
*芬蘭語
o(完美的全字母句不含只在外語或外語借詞中出現的字母(b,c,f,q,w,x,z,?)):T?rkylempij?vongahdus
+意為Excessivelover,awooing.
*法語
oPortezcewhiskyauvieuxjugeblondquifume
+意為Gotakethiswhiskytotheoldblondjudgewhoissmoking
o(含變音符號):Lec?urdé?umaisl'ameplut?tna?ve,Lou?srêvadecrapaüterencano?audelàdes?les,prèsdum?lstr?moùbr?lentlesnov?
+意為Hisheartdisappointed,buthissoulmorenaive,Lou?sdreamtofdoingthenastyinacanoebeyondtheisles,closetothemaelstromwherethenovasburn
oBachezlaqueueduwagon-taxiaveclespyjamasdufakir
+意為Tarpolin-upthetaxi-railcartailwiththefakir’spajamas
*蓋爾語
oD'fhuascailíosa,úrmhacnahóigheBeannaithe,póréavaagusadhaimh
*德語
o(無變音符和?):SylviawagtquickdenJuxbeiPforzheim
+意為SylviadaresquicklythejokeatPforzheim
o(無變音符和?):FranzjagtimkomplettverwahrlostenTaxiquerdurchBayern
+意為FranzchasesinthecompletelyshabbycabstraightthroughBavaria
o(有變音符和?):Victorjagtzw?lfBoxk?mpferquerüberdengro?enSylterDeich
+意為VictorchasestwelveboxfightersacrossthegreatdamofSylt
o(有變音符和?,每個字母只出現一次):"Fix,Schwyz!"qu?ktJürgenbl?dvomPa?
+意為"Quick,Schwyz!"Jürgensquawkszanilyfromthepass
o"FalschesübenvonXylophonmusikqu?ltjedengr??erenZwerg"(KDE使用)
*希臘語
oΞεσκεπ?ζωτηνψυχοφθ?ραβδελυγμ?α.
+意為Iuncoverthesoul-destroyingabhorrence.
*希伯來語
+意為Acuriousfishsailedtheseadisappointedly,andsuddenlyfoundhimselfagirlfriend
(西番雅書3:8-theonlyverseintheHebrewBiblethatcontainsallmedialformsofthelettersplusallfinalforms)
o(每個字母只出現一次)
+意為Arabbitatesomelettuceflavoredcarrotandthat'sit
*冰島語
oK miny xihérykisttjófumnúb?eivílogádrepa
+意為Ifanewaxewerehere,thieveswouldfeelincreasingdeterrenceandpunishment.
*義大利語
o"Quelfezsghembocopredavanti"
+意為Thatslantedfezcoversthefront(withouttheforeignlettersj,k,w,x,andy)
o"MalavolpecolsuobalzoharaggiuntoilquietoFido"
+意為ButthefoxwithhisleaphasreachedthequietFido(withoutforeignletters)
o"Quelvituperabilexenofobozelanteassaggiailwhiskyedesclama:alleluja!"
+意為Thatblameworthyandzealousxenophobetasteshiswhiskyandsays:Alleluja!
*日語
oいろはにほへと/ちりぬるを/わかよたれそ/つねならむ/うゐのおくやま/けふこえて/あさきゆめみし/ゑひもせす
+伊呂波(日語“伊呂波”,假名寫作“いろは”)使用了過去全部的47個假名,且每個假名只用一次,它最後演變成了一首詩。伊呂波的古典地位不易改變,因此,現代創作的有古典風格的日語全字母句就稱作伊呂波歌(日語“いろは歌”,假名寫作“いろはうた”)。
+意為Theessentialconditionforkissisthatlipsmeetandthereisnospecialtechniquerequired.
linkdamafechtuotojo?pagasublyk?iojusipragr???apval?arbūz?
+意為Incurvingfencerswordsparkledandperforatedaroundwatermelon
*邏輯語
o.o'imuxagjisofybaknicuzvatilepurdi
+意為Watchout,fivehungrySoviet-cowsareinthegarden!
*挪威語
oV?rs?reZulufrabade?yaspiltejowhistogquickstepimintaxi.
+意為OurstrangeZulefromthebathingIslanddidactuallyplaywhistandquickstepinmycab.
oH?vdingenskj?resquawf?rlittpizzaiMexicoby
+意為Thechief'sdearsquawgetsalittlepizzainMexicoCity
*波蘭語
o(每個字母都只用一次)Pójd??e,kińt?chmurno??wg??bflaszy!
+意為Comeon,dropyoursadnessintothedepthofabottle!
oPchn??wt??ód?je?alubo?mskrzyńfig.
+意為Pushintothatboatahedgehogoreightboxesoffigs.
o(每個字母都只用一次)M??nyb?d?,chrońpu?ktwójisze??flag.
+意為Bebrave,protectyourregimentandsixflags.
*葡萄牙語
o(不含變音符號)Umpequenojabutixeretaviudezcegonhasfelizes.
+意為Acuriouslittletortoisesawtenhappystorks.
o(不含變音符號)Gazetapublicahojenojornalumabrevenotadefaxinanaquermesse.
+意為Thejournalistspublishtodayatthenewspaperashortnoteaboutthecleaningatthekirmiss.
oànoite,vov?Kowalskyvêoím?cairnopédopingüimqueixosoevovóp?ea?úcarnochádetamarasdojabutifeliz.
+意為Atnight,grandpaKowalskyseesthemagnetfallinginthecomplainingpenguin'sfootandgrandmaputssugarinthehappytortoise'sdatetea.
oLuísargüiaàJúliaque?bra??es,fé,chá,óxido,p?r,zang?o?erampalavrasdoportuguês.
+意為LuísarguedtoJúliathat“bigarms,faith,tea,oxide,toput,bee”werePortuguesewords.
*羅馬尼亞語
oGheorghe,obezul,areu?its?ob?in?jucandu-seunflux?nQuebecdeomiekilowa?ior?.
+George,theobese,managedtoobtainbyplayingafluxinQuebecofathousandKilowatthours
*俄語
o(不含ъ)Вчащахюгажилбыцитрус?Да,нофальшивыйэкземпляр!
+意為Wouldacitrusliveinthebushesofsouth?Yes,butonlyafakeone!
o(Usingquasiobsoletespellingforlastwordtoincludeъ)Вчащахюгажилбыцитрус?Да,нофальшивыйэкземпляръ!
+意義與上一句一樣
o(每個字母只出現一次)Эх,чужак!Общийсъёмценшляп(юфть)—вдрызг!
+意為Eh,alien!Thegeneraltakingsfrompricesofhats(madefromathickleather)areabsolutelycrashed!
o(每個字母只出現一次)Экс-граф?Плюшизъят.Бьёмчуждыйценхвощ!
+意為Ex-count?Plushisconfiscated.Fightagainstthehorsetailthatisalientoprices!
o(每個字母只出現一次)Эй,жлоб!Гдетуз?Прячьюныхсъёмщицвшкаф.
+意為Hey,chuff!Whereisace?Hideyounglessee-girlsintocloset.
o(微軟將這句話用在fontview.exe字型預覽檔案上,用於顯示西里爾字母(不包括же))Съешьещёэтихмягкихфранцузскихбулок,давыпейжечаю.
+意為EatmoreofthesesoftFrenchloavesanddrinktea.
*塞爾維亞語
o?убазнифе?ер?и?ача?авоглицахо?едамипокажештос.
oLjubaznifenjerd?ija?a?avoglicaho?edamipoka?e?tos.
+意為Akindlamplighterwithgrimyfacewantstoshowmeastunt.
*斯洛維尼亞語
o?erifbozavajospetkuhaldoma?e?gance
+意為Foranexercise,sheriffwillagainmakehome-mademush
oPi?kurmol?egrabifi?olzdnacezijevehoste
+意為Lambrysilentlygraspsbeansfromthebottomofcezijforest
*西班牙語
o(含?和變音符號)Elvelozmurciélagohindúcomíafelizcardilloykiwi.Lacigüe?atocabaelsaxofóndetrásdelpalenquedepaja.(UsedinWindowsassampletext)
+意為ThequickHindubatatehappygoldenthistleandkiwi.Thestorkplayedthesaxophonebehindthestrawarena.
o(含?,ll和rr)ElpingüinoWenceslaohizokilómetrosbajoexhaustivalluviayfrío,a?orabaasuqueridocachorro.
+意為ThepenguinWenceslaodidkilometresunderexhaustiverainandcold,longingforitsdearcub.
oJovencilloemponzo?adodewhisky:?quéfigurotaexhibe!
+意為Whisky-intoxicatedyoungster-whatafigureyou'reshowing!
oEselibroexplicaensuepígrafelashaza?asyaventurasdeDonQuijotedelaManchaenKuwait.
+意為ThatbookexplainsinitsepigraphthedeedsandadventuresofDonQuijotedelaManchainKuwait.
oQuedagazpacho,fibra,látex,jamón,kiwiyvi?as.
+意為Thereisstillgazpacho,fibre,latex,ham,kiwiandvineyards.
oWhiskybueno:?excitadmifrágilpeque?avejez!
+意為Goodwhisky,excitemyfrail,littleoldage!
*瑞典語
o(不含q,x和z)Flygandeb?ckasiners?kahwilap?mjukatuvor.
+意為Flyingsnipesseekrestonsofttufts[ofgrass].
o(每個字母只出現一次)Yxskaftbud,gev?rwczonm?iqhj?lp.
+意為Axehandlemessenger,giveourWCzonemaidenIQhelp.
*泰語
o??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
+意為Humansareworthandmoresuperbthananykindofanimals.Dodevelopyourselfinacademicmatter.Donotdestroyorkillanyone.Donotbeangryorexecrateanyone.Doforgivelikethegamespirit.Dobehaveundermoralsandrules.Dopolitelyconferwithothers.(這些詞語為TheComputerAssociationofThailandundertheRoyalPatronageofHisMajestytheKing所特有)
只含有全部帶變音符號字母的句子
有時候,人們嘗試寫出含有一門語言中全部帶變音符號字母的句子。
*捷克語:P?íli??lu?ou?kyk?ňúpěl?ábelskéódy(意為"tooyellowhorsescreameddevillishodas")
*世界語:E?o?an?o?iu?a?de(意為"echochangeeveryThursday")
*德語:Heiz?lrücksto?abd?mpfung(意為"fueloilrecoilabsorber")
*匈牙利語:árvízt?r?tük?rfúrógép(意為"flood-proofmirror-drillingmachine")
*冰島語:S?v?rgrétáeantvíúlpanvarónyt(意為"S?v?rcriedearlierbecausethejacketwasruined")
*波蘭語:Za?ó??g??l?ja?ń(意為"makeyourselfyellowwithafiddle")
*土耳其語:?i?li'debüyük??py???nlar?(意為"Largeamountsofgarbagein?i?li")
表意文字型系
*漢語
o用漢語寫全字母句的性質有點特別,見千字文,它是一篇有1000個漢字的詩,每個漢字都只用一次,雖然它沒有包括所有的漢字。

克漏字

“克漏字”即“完形填空”的意思。
這是音譯詞,是台灣地區對“完形填空”的稱呼。

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