spoilage

spoilage是英語名詞，英式及美式發音均為[ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ]，定義為物品（尤指食品）因腐壞導致無法使用的狀態，包含“損壞”“掠奪”“損壞物”等釋義。該詞既可指損壞行為、變質過程，也可表示損壞物總量。

在食品工業中，spoilage指微生物分解導致變質的過程。其檢測方法涉及微生物的防控指標。

詞源可追溯至拉丁語spolium（戰利品/皮膚），16世紀衍生出“破壞到無用”的語義，17世紀末擴展出“腐爛失去新鮮感”的引申義。

基本介紹

• 外文名：spoilage
• 詞性：名詞
• 英式發音：[ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ]
• 美式發音：[ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ]

單詞用法

柯林斯英漢雙解大詞典

spoilage /ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ/

1.N-UNCOUNT When spoilage occurs, something, usually food, decays or is harmed, so that it is no longer fit to be used. (通常指食物)腐壞 [技術]

短語搭配

Spoilage yeast 敗壞酵母

normal spoilage 正常損耗 ; 翻譯

microbiological spoilage 微生物腐壞

enzymatic spoilage 酵素性腐敗

prevent spoilage 防止變壞

physical spoilage 物理性腐敗

wine spoilage 酒酸敗

paper spoilage 紙張耗損率

spoilage allowance 損壞允量

雙語例句

• Protects inventories from waste, spoilage and theft. 保護庫存物品免受浪費、毀壞和偷盜。
• Check fridges and area thoroughly to avoid spoilage. 為防止事物變質，要全面檢查冰櫃及工作場地。
• Check fridge and Products thoroughly to avoid spoilage. 為防止食品變質，要徹底檢查冰櫃。
• There are also smells associated with spoilage in wine. 葡萄酒中也會聞到破敗氣味。
• He was determined to track down the cause of food spoilage. 他決心查出食品腐爛的原因。
• However, spices also Can contain pathogenic and spoilage organisms. 然而，調味料也含有病原菌和變質菌類。
• But it can't. Western spoilage is a result of personal habit and law. 但是這是不可能的，西方的浪費是個人習慣和法律造成的。
• In calculating profit, retailers must allow for breakage and spoilage. 計算利潤時，零售商們必須考慮到破碎和損壞情況。
• Check fridges thoroughly to keep the place clean and to avoid spoilage. 為避免食物變質，要徹底檢查、清潔冰櫃及工作場地。
• Various methods are employed by dairies to prevent raw milk spoilage in silos. 乳品廠已採用各種方法來防止原料乳在地下室變質。
• Monitors and investigates spoilage and recommends appropriate actions to reduce. 監督和調查損壞的物品並提供減少損壞的建議。
• The loss of merchandise through such causes as shoplifting, breakage, and spoilage. 存貨損毀是由於入店行竊、破壞和廢品等原因造成的商品損失。
• Controls costs by minimizing spoilage, utilizing food surpluses and portion control. 最小化浪費的成本控制，合理的利用剩餘材料以及分量控制。
• Food composition is a critical intrinsic factor that influences the spoilage process. 食品的成分是一個至關重要的內在因素，它影響食品變質的過程。
• DependIng on the major substrate present In food, different types of spoilage may occur. 發生何種類型的變質主要取決於食品中基質的類型。
• The principal methods of avoiding spoilage are the use of pure yeast strains as starters. 防止啤酒變壞的主要方法是用純酵母菌株發酵。
• They have real difficulty trying to tell the difference in quality changes and safety spoilage. 他們真的很難區分真正的變質和無關緊要的損壞之間的區別。
• Food spoilage problems occur with minimally processed, concentrated frozen citrus products. 食品的變質也發生在輕微加工的、濃縮冷凍的柑橘製品中。
• Nutrition education can help with some problems and may prevent improper storage or spoilage. 營養教育可以解決一些問題，並能防止不當的貯存或腐壞發生。
• Spoilage bacteria do not cause illness but reduce shelf life and consumer acceptability of foods. 損壞細菌不引起疾病但減少保存期限和消費者對食品的可接受性。
• Objective Exploring the feasibility of RAPD technique for identification of food spoilage yeast. 目的探索採用RAPD技術對食品污染酵母進行分類鑑定的可行性。
• Originally, packages were designed mostly for their functional value: they protect products from damage or spoilage. 原先人們設計包裝主要是因為包裝的保護功能—保護產品不被破壞或損壞。
• Carbonation: Addition of carbon dioxide gas to a Beverage, imparting sparkle and a tangy taste and preventing spoilage. 碳化作用：在飲料中添加二氧化碳氣體，給予氣泡和酸味，並防止腐壞。
• Oxygen reacts preferentially with BHA or BHT rather than oxidizing fats or oils, thereby protecting them from spoilage. 氧氣優先與叔丁基羥基茴香醚（BHA）或二叔丁基對甲酚（BHT）反應，而不是和油脂反應，因此能防止它們變壞。
• Aseptic preservation in tank is an advanced technology to prevent spoilage of half-finished fruit and vegetable products. 大容器無菌保藏是果蔬半成品保藏的新技術，適用於番茄醬、蔬菜汁等。
• To monitor and fully implement the portion control established with the recipe CARDS test. To minimize waste and spoilage. 監督並全面實施根據配料卡進行分量控制，使浪費和變質最小化。