retrenchment

Retrenchment是英語名詞，英式與美式發音均為[rɪˈtrentʃmənt]，基本含義為節省、刪除，在正式語境中特指開支的削減或緊縮行為，涉及經濟學、軍事學等專業領域。

該詞在經濟管理領域指代機構或政府應對財務壓力的策略調整，常見搭配包括financial retrenchment（財政緊縮）、retrenchment strategy（緊縮戰略）以及retrenchment policy（緊縮政策）。全球化背景下，該術語被用於分析國家通過關稅調整、貨幣緊縮等手段實施的經濟戰略轉型。軍事學中則指代內部防禦工事。

其詞源結合拉丁詞根“trench”（切割）與前綴“re-”（再次），反映縮減開支的核心語義特徵。

基本介紹

• 外文名：retrenchment
• 詞性：名詞
• 英式發音：[rɪˈtrentʃmənt]
• 美式發音：[rɪˈtrentʃmənt]

單詞用法

柯林斯英漢雙解大詞典

retrenchment /rɪˈtrɛntʃmənt/ ( retrenchments )

1.N-VARRetrenchment means spending less money. (開支的)緊縮; 削減 [正式]

短語搭配

financial retrenchment[財政] 財政緊縮 ; 財政緊縮

retrenchment strategy 緊縮政策 ; 緊縮戰略 ; 收縮戰略 ; 收縮政策

Strategic Retrenchment 戰略撤退

demand retrenchment[經] 需求緊縮 ; 需求緊縮

retrenchment consolidation 整頓

retrenchment policy 緊縮政策

Retrenchment fund 設立裁員基金

fiancial retrenchment 緊縮資金

retrenchment monetary 緊縮性貨幣

雙語例句

• Defence planners predict an extended period of retrenchment. 國防規劃人員們預計，開支緊縮期會延長。《柯林斯英漢雙解大詞典》
• That is the lesson, they say, from past fiscal retrenchment. 他們稱，這是從以往的財政緊縮中汲取的教訓。
• They may hope that retrenchment now will spur on private spending. 他們或許希望，現在實施緊縮政策能刺激私人部門增加支出。
• The winners' extra spending may not offset the losers' retrenchment. 贏家因此可以額外消費，輸家卻相應地要減少開支，二者不能相抵
• However, a stringent programme of fiscal retrenchment will also be necessary. 然而嚴格的財政縮減項目是必須的。
• Retrenchment by companies is a more likely culprit for the more recent drop in activity. 公司規模的消減更有可能是最近經濟衰退的罪魁禍首。
• And it is in every party's interests to prepare the country for the coming fiscal retrenchment. 讓全國對即將到來的財政緊縮做好準備符合各方利益。
• This would match the pace of Britain's previous retrenchment, over six years, in the 1990s. 這與英國在上世紀九十年代六年多的縮減節奏是吻合的。
• France has so little practice at fiscal retrenchment that a 3% deficit seems a distant prospect. 法國在財政緊縮方面幾乎沒什麼經驗可循，以至於3%的赤字目標也只能是一個遙遠的期盼。
• Ground for retrenchment-or possibly for the violent confrontation he says he is determined to. 可能決心避免“是定語。”這裡其實是說layground for the violent confrontation。
• This retrenchment was offset, and made possible, by a dramatic fiscal swing in the opposite direction. 這種緊縮有可能被一次朝相反方向旋轉的大幅財政旋轉抵消。
• First, the scale of the housing boom means history is a flawed guide to how big a retrenchment is in store. 首先，這次房市繁榮的程度之大使得歷史記錄對即將到來的下跌程度只能是個有瑕疵的指南。
• As that model turns out to have been unsustainable, the resulting retrenchment in finance will curb overall growth. 隨著這種模式逐漸不再具有可持續性，金融業的緊縮將阻礙經濟整體的增長。
• Spending cuts will by 2014-15 make up four-fifths of Mr Osborne's extra tightening and three-quarters of the total retrenchment. 削減的開支到2014-15財年將占奧斯本額外縮減的開支的五分之四，也是節省的總開支的四分之三。
• This will set out the broad outline for the fiscal retrenchment that lies ahead and get the bad news out on planned tax rises. 此次公布的方案勾畫出財政削減計畫的大致輪廓，這無疑對已經提高稅率是個不利的訊息。
• In developed countries today, fiscal deficits are surely a consequence of post-crisis private retrenchment, not the other way round. 在今日的已開發國家，後危機時期的私人緊縮是因，財政赤字是果，而不是相反。
• "We have to avoid an asymmetry between bold, if justified, loosening and unduly hesitant retrenchment," Mr Trichet says in his article. “我們必須避免政策不對稱的現象，一邊是儘管合理但大膽的寬鬆政策，一邊是過於猶豫不決的緊縮政策，”特里謝在文章中表示。
• This has been better than expected and the outlook is still broadly reassuring despite the big fiscal retrenchment over the next four years. 實際形勢比預期的要好一些。儘管今後4年將會實行大規模的財政緊縮措施，前景依然是可以廣泛令人心安（廣為樂觀）的。
• An obvious worry about the fierce fiscal retrenchment that gets under way in earnest from next April is that it may stop the recovery in its tracks. 而此舉引發的明顯擔憂是巨幅的財政緊縮政策可能會阻止正在復甦的經濟，並且此緊縮政策於明年四月便正式實施。
• Mr Osborne stuck to his guns about the overall scale and pace of fiscal retrenchment in the four years to 2014-15, the final year of this parliament. 奧斯本先生堅持己見，認為在接下來的四年里(也就是到本屆議會的最後一年2014-15年的這段時間裡)，應當削減英國財政支出的規模，減緩支出的速度。
• But the fiscal retrenchment has been well signalled and households and firms should already be bracing themselves for both spending cuts and tax rises. 但是信息表明財經緊縮政策一直備受擁護，家庭和企業將會身先士卒，支持削減開支和增加稅收。
• Not with the financial system in virtual lockdown, and much of the world in a similar state of retrenchment, shrinking demand for American goods and services. 處於實質防備狀態的金融系統不允許節儉，況且幾乎全球都處於類似的需求緊縮狀態，對美國產品和服務需求也在減少。
• Even if a sustained recovery does get under way, it will be tempered for several years by fiscal retrenchment and the reversion to more normal monetary Settings. 即使持續的經濟復甦已經開始，在未來幾年內，它仍將被財政緊縮以及向更正常貨幣環境的轉變所緩和
• Gloomy enough was word from the government on Friday that a fresh 240, 000 American jobs disappeared in October, the 10th consecutive month of retrenchment. 上周五，整個美國就業市場可以用一個字來形容，那就是冷淡。10月份，是美國連續十個月裁員，共有240000名職場新人下崗。