contend

Contend 是英語動詞，發音為英 [kənˈtend]、美 [kənˈtɛnd]，詞源可追溯至拉丁語，原指物理對抗，後擴展至抽象層面的競爭與主張，沿用至今已數百年。其動詞形態包含第三人稱單數（contends）、現在分詞（contending）及過去式（contended）。

該詞核心含義包括三方面：一為“主張、聲稱”，常以contend that...結構表達觀點申明；二為“競爭、爭奪”，涉及權力、資源等領域的對抗（如contend for hegemony）；三為“處理、應對”，強調與困難或對手周旋（如contend with challenges）。其語義通過介詞搭配區分，如contend with側重應對，contend for聚焦爭奪。

作為多義動詞，其語義演變反映了語言對社會活動多樣化的適應性。早期多用於描述實際爭鬥，後逐步抽象化，既可指代個體或群體間的競爭行為，亦可表達觀點論辯或情景應對。

基本介紹

• 外文名：contend
• 詞性：動詞
• 發音：英[kənˈtend] 美[kənˈtend]

單詞釋義

英 [kənˈtend] 美 [kənˈtend]

v. 聲稱，主張；競爭，爭奪；處理，對付

[ 第三人稱單數 contends 現在分詞 contending 過去式 contended 過去分詞 contended ]

短語搭配

contend with 匹敵 ; 彼此對抗 ; 對付 ; 換器的較弱輸出相衝突

contend d 奮鬥 ; 鬥爭 ; 競爭 ; 主張

contend against 抗衡 ; 和

Contend detormination 測定

contend for maritime hegemony 爭奪海上霸權

to contend 爭論 ; 爭鳴 ; 爭奪

Who contend 誰與爭鋒

metal contend 錫含量比

雙語例句

• He well knew the futility of trying to contend against witches, so he gave up discouraged. 他深知與女巫鬥爭是徒勞無益的，所以他灰心喪氣地放棄了。
• Modern European states, they contend, appeared after the Renaissance through the rise of nations. 他們爭辯道，現代歐洲國家是在文藝復興之後通過國家的崛起而出現的。
• It is time, once again, to contend with racism. 又是對付種族主義的時候了。
• Nurses often have to contend with violent or drunken patients. 護士經常不得不對付粗暴的或喝醉酒的病人。
• The competitors had to contend with squally weather conditions. 這些參賽者不得不應付狂風肆虐的天氣條件。
• I would contend that the minister's thinking is flawed on this point. 我倒認為部長的想法在這一點上有漏洞。
• She had to contend with day care for her 2-year-old twins being cancelled. 她不得不就她兩歲大的雙胞胎日托被取消一事進行交涉。
• This is the development in education that we have to contend with. 這是我們在教育中所必須應對的發展。
• Hunt and Lipo contend that moai-building was an activity that helped keep the peace between islanders. 亨特和利波認為，建造摩艾島的活動有助於維持島上居民之間的和平。
• That's the challenge that traditional luxury brands will have to contend with in the mid-to long-term future. 這是傳統奢侈品在中長期的未來不得不應對的挑戰。
• Some scientists contend that many species of dinosaur had a metabolism more like a warm-blooded mammal's than a cold-blooded reptile's. 一些科學家認為，許多種類的恐龍的新陳代謝更像溫血哺乳動物，而不是冷血爬行動物。
• Some researchers contend that sleep plays no role in the consolidation of declarative memory (i.e., memory involving factual information). 一些研究者認為，睡眠對於陳述性記憶（例如：牽扯到事實信息的記憶）的鞏固沒有影響。
• Some industry members contend that having 50 different sets of rules, licensing fees and even definitions of "medical practice" makes less sense in the era of telemedicine and is hampering its growth. 一些業內人士認為，在遠程醫療的時代，50套不同的規則、不同的許可費用甚至是對“醫療實踐”的不同定義都沒有什麼意義，並且阻礙了遠程醫療的發展。
• The firm is too small to contend against [with] large international companies. 這家公司太小，無法與國際性的大公司抗爭。
• Anyone actually venturing into the sea will have to contend with sharks, stinging jellyfish and surfboarders. 任何真正冒險進入大海的人都必須與鯊魚、蜇人的水母和衝浪運動員搏鬥。
• There was a new problem to contend with. 又有一個新的難題需要我來應付。
• They have to contend against draught every year. 他們每年都得與乾旱做鬥爭。
• We contend that the second example is more consumable. 我們認為第二個示例的易用性更好一些。
• Africa would also have to contend with huge economic losses. 此外，非洲還必須應付巨大的經濟損傷。
• The euro zone also has financial imbalances to contend with. 歐元區同樣需要解決金融不平衡的問題。
• It has to contend with pirates at sea and armed groups on land. 它們需要在海上與海盜們抗爭，而在陸地上又要與武裝組織戰鬥。
• And now we have another great global contagion to contend with. 現在我們又有一種重大全球傳染病要應對。
• Every animal has its peculiarities that you have to contend with. 你必須能夠應付每一種動物的特殊習性。
• More recently, he has had to contend with thorny personnel issues. 最近，他已經不得不參加棘手的個人事件。
• While Barak didn't agree with this view, he had to contend with it. 可巴拉克不認同這一觀點，所以他不得不應付爭議。
• It is the principle I contend for, not individual or private benefit. 我奮鬥爭取的是原則而不是個人的私利。
• Then there is the rivalry between India and Pakistan to contend with. 此外還有印度和巴基斯坦間的爭端有待解決。