amylase

Amylase（澱粉酶）是生物化學領域的重要術語，指一類催化澱粉及糖原水解為單糖（如葡萄糖）的水解酶，英文發音為英式[ˈæmɪleɪz]、美式[ˈæmɪleɪs]或[ˈæməleɪs]。該詞源自詞根“amyl”（澱粉），作為不可數名詞使用，中文譯為澱粉酶、澱粉酵素或澱粉糖化酶。其廣泛存在於唾液、胰液及植物組織中，生理功能包括啟動口腔澱粉分解（唾液澱粉酶）和參與腸道消化（胰澱粉酶）。

根據催化機制差異，澱粉酶分為α-澱粉酶與β-澱粉酶兩種主要類型。醫學上，血清和尿液中澱粉酶水平是診斷胰腺疾病的關鍵指標，工業領域則用於催化澱粉糖化反應。研究涵蓋酶活性檢測方法、遺傳調控機制及固定化技術開發，例如通過糊精值測定活性、分析染色體遺傳因子影響等。術語衍生出唾液澱粉酶、胰澱粉酶、液化澱粉酶等細分類型，相關研究涉及食品科學、植物生理學及臨床醫學等領域。

基本介紹

• 外文名：amylase
• 詞性：名詞
• 英式發音：[ˈæmɪleɪz]
• 美式發音：[ˈæmɪleɪs]

單詞釋義

英 [ˈæmɪleɪz] 美 [ˈæmɪleɪs]

n. [生化] 澱粉酶

單詞用法

柯林斯英漢雙解大詞典

amylase /ˈæmɪˌleɪz/

1.N any of several enzymes that hydrolyse starch and glycogen to simple sugars, such as glucose. They are present in saliva 澱粉酶

短語搭配

alpha-amylase 澱粉酶 ; 酵素 ; 英文名稱

urine amylase 尿澱粉酶

salivary amylase [生化] 唾液澱粉酶 ; 唾液澱粉 ; 涎腺型澱粉酶 ; 的老名詞

Alpha Amylase 阿法澱粉酶 ; 液化澱粉酶 ; 澱粉酶 ; 糖化酶

Pancreatic amylase [生化] 胰澱粉酶 ; 胰澱粉 ; 胰腺澱粉酶 ; 澱粉酶

beta-Amylase 澱粉酶 ; 產品

a-AMYLASE 澱粉酶 ; 英文同義詞

animal amylase 動物澱粉酶

liquefying amylase 液化澱粉酶

雙語例句

• Plasma amylase was studied by an enzymatic method using Bernfeld technique. 採用貝恩菲爾德技術的酶催化法來研究血漿澱粉酶。
• The waxy gene is the key gene of the amylase synthesis. 蠟質基因是編碼直鏈澱粉合成的關鍵基因。
• The latest progress in insect amylase inhibitors research is summarized firstly. 綜述了昆蟲澱粉酶抑制劑研究的最新進展。
• Starch degradation was the result of synergism of amylase and starch phosphorylase. 澱粉的降解是澱粉酶和澱粉磷酸化酶綜合作用的結果。
• The change of reducing sugar content had strong correlation with the amylase activity. 糙米中還原糖含量的變化與澱粉酶活力變化趨勢是一致的。
• In addition it gives a brief account of amylase causing biochemical change of wheat starch. 另外，對引起小麥澱粉生物化學變化的澱粉酶的利用等也作了一些概括。
• Let's take a white blood count and a blood amylase test, a kind of test for acute pancreatitis. 讓我們做個白細胞計數和澱粉酶試驗，這是一種專為查急性胰腺炎的試驗。
• Results also indicated that the total alkaloids inhibited the activities of amylase significantly. 結果還表明，苦豆草生物鹼總鹼對澱粉酶活性具有明顯的抑制作用。
• Objective To obtain human pancreatic and salivary amylase with high specific activity and high purity. 目的為獲得高比活性、高純度的人胰型及唾液型澱粉酶。
• Blood glucose, serum lipid, and pancreatic amylase were determined with Automatic Biochemistry Analyser. 用自動生化分析儀測定血糖、血脂和胰澱粉酶。
• The big Swiss company Syngenta genetically engineered the maize to contain an enzyme called alpha amylase. 瑞士先正達公司對玉米進行基因改造，使其富含阿爾法澱粉酶。
• It proves that laser irradiation is an effective method for breeding of alkaline amylase producing strain. 說明雷射輻照是鹼性澱粉酶菌株有效的選育方法。
• We also measured serum pancreatic amylase activity in 92 newborn infants and 132 infants less than one year. 測定92例新生兒和132例1歲以內嬰兒血清胰澱粉酶活性。
• The results indicated that starch degradation was the result of synergism of amylase and starch phosphorylase. 結果表明：澱粉的降解是澱粉酶和澱粉磷酸化酶綜合作用的結果。
• Electrophoresis in discontinuous buffer system was applied to fractionalize the pancreatic amylase isoenzymes. 套用不連續緩衝系統薄膜電泳法行酶譜分析。
• Objectives To investigate the significance of raising of urine amylase value in children with epidemic parotiditis. 目的了解流行性腮腺炎患兒尿澱粉酶增高的臨床意義。
• Gene sequencing and homology analysis show that these novel enzymes share remarkable homology with the amylase family. 基因測序及同源性分析表明這些新酶與澱粉酶家族具有很強的同源性。
• After treatment of rice seed with DL-malic acid the activities of amylase, dehydrogenases and catalases have increased. 水稻種子經蘋果酸處理後，澱粉酶過氧化氫酶和脫氫酶活性均有提高。
• Acute pancreatitis more than overeating have history of illness sharp attack, blood leukocytes, hematuria increased amylase. 急性胰腺炎多有暴飲暴食史，病情發作急驟，血白細胞、血尿澱粉酶升高。
• Butanolextract of areca catechu l. has certain inhibiting effect on the midgut amylase activity of confused flour beetle larvae. 檳榔-正丁醇提取物對雜擬谷盜幼蟲中腸澱粉酶的活性具有一定的抑制作用。
• A form of amylase in the saliva of human beings and some animals that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into maltose and dextrin. 唾液澱粉酶在人類或某些動物的唾液中的一種澱粉酶，能把水解澱粉催化成麥芽糖和糊精。
• The endosperm starch granule that relating to proportion of amylase to amylopectin composes eating quality of rice in great degree. 稻米食用品質在很大程度上與稻米胚乳中澱粉的組成，即直鏈澱粉與支鏈澱粉的比例有關。
• Amylase (AMYL) elevations show pancreatitis, when the serum lipase is also high, or become increased in the presence of kidney disease. 澱粉酶(AMYL)提升表示胰臟炎，當血清胰脂肪酶也高的時候，或因腎疾病存在而增加。
• Conclusion: Serum Amylase level is related with inflammatory media that will induce inflammatory reaction and endothelial injury in SIRS. 結論：血澱粉酶水平與引起SIRS期炎症反應和內皮損傷的炎症介質有關。
• Incubation of the fruit discs in the medium containing the soluble sugars showed that fructose and glucose induced the decrease of amylase activity. 以外源糖溫育果實圓片試驗表明，果糖和葡萄糖誘導了澱粉酶活性的下降。
• The author, based his own practice and experience, put forward some unique opinions with respect to the actions and way of application of amylase and lipase. 根據作者的實踐和經歷對澱粉酶和脂肪酶的作用和使用方法提出了一些獨特的見解。