usurp

usurp是英語中的一個動詞，主要含義為通過非法手段奪取他人的權力、地位或財產。該詞既可用作及物動詞（如"篡奪王位"），也可用作不及物動詞（如"篡權"），其英式發音為[juː'zɜːp]，美式發音為[juː'zɜːrp]。常見詞形變化包括過去式usurped、現在分詞usurping及名詞形式usurper（篡位者）。在政治、法律和社會行為等領域，該詞常用於描述未經授權且可能伴隨武力或欺詐的奪取行為。

基本介紹

• 詞性：及物/不及物動詞
• 發音：英[juː'zɜːp]/美[juː'zɜːrp]
• 詞形變化：過去式usurped 
• 近義詞：supplant 
• 網路釋義：擅用職權 
• 反義詞：abdicate 

發音與詞形變化

usurp的英式發音以長元音[juː]開頭，重音在第二音節；美式發音與之相近，僅存在細微音調差異。其詞形變化如下：

• 第三人稱單數：usurps
• 過去式：usurped
• 現在分詞：usurping

釋義與用法

作為及物動詞時，usurp表示"以不正當手段奪取權力或地位"（如"usurp the throne"），亦可指"盜用著作權等無形財產"。作為不及物動詞時，強調"非法獲取控制權"的過程（如"usurp through military force"）。在法律文本中，該詞特指"未經授權奪取權力或地位"的行為。

詞源與擴展

usurp源自拉丁語"usurpare"，原意為"占有使用"。其近義詞supplant側重取代原有主體，而seize更強調奪取。反義詞abdicate則指主動放棄權力，形成語義對立。

例句分析

1. 政治場景"The vice president attempted to usurp the president’s authority."（副總統試圖篡奪總統權力），此句凸顯權力層級間的非法奪取。
2. 歷史事件"Henry IV usurped the throne of England in 1399."（亨利四世於1399年篡奪英國王位），明確標註時間以增強準確性。
3. 抽象概念"Gloom usurped mirth at the party after the news broke."（訊息傳開後，陰鬱取代了聚會的歡樂），展示該詞在非實體領域的隱喻用法。

• Did she usurp his place in his mother's heart? 她奪取了他在他母親心目中的地位嗎？《柯林斯英漢雙解大詞典》
• Attempt to usurp the throne. 比喻企圖奪取天下。
• He attempted to usurp the principal's authority. 他企圖僭越校長的權力。
• The assistant began to usurp his boss's authority. 助手開始篡奪老闆的權力。
• He became so ambitious that he finally plotted to usurp the throne. 他的野心越來越大，最後甚至密謀要篡奪皇位。
• No organization or individual may retain, misappropriate or usurp any of its assets. 任何組織和個人不得截留、挪用或侵占民辦高校的資產。
• Industrialism began to usurp the production and distribution functions of the family. 工業化生產已開始篡奪家庭生產和分配的功能。
• I did not usurp power, "he wrote," but Idid greatly broaden the use of executive power. 他寫道：我不會越權，但我應該在我的權力範圍內為最大程度地利用它。
• The company can take legal proceedings against directors if they usurp company opportunity. 公司可以就董事篡奪公司機會提起訴訟。
• The Bank of England made several attempts to usurp control of the U. S. money supply but failed. 英格蘭銀行舉行了數次測驗考試詭計奪取美國貨幣供應的控制權可是都敗績了。
• Powerful entities threaten reality's foundation as they seek to usurp the Raven Queen 's position. 強大的存在威脅著真實的基礎，他們正圖謀篡奪鴉後的位置。
• Very good way to proof how India helped them and still they are against us and trying to usurp our area. 印度當年是怎么幫他們的，如今他們仍然反對我們，試圖侵占我們的領土。
• These complexes are not an individual's core nature, but they do have the power to usurp or possess the ego. 這些情結並不是個體的內在本質，但是他們具有侵占或者擺布自我的能力。
• Marriage troubles is that every woman heart to usurp the role of the mother, and the man is acting the bachelor. 婚姻生活的煩惱是，每個女人內心都以母親自居，而男人內心卻以單身漢自居。
• But even if it could usurp the dollar's role as the world's currency, it will not replicate the American set-up. 但即使可以替代美元成為世界貨幣，它也無法重現美國對該地位的運用。
• But it will never usurp functions you don't want it to nor will it create any nasty hooks to mess up your system. 但它絕不會篡奪職能，你不想它，也不會造成任何惡劣的鉤，以一團糟，您的系統。
• Recent events prove that financial processes in a number of companies gave management opportunity to usurp controls. 最近的一些事件證明了大量公司的財務過程使管理者有機可乘。
• With neither the euro nor the yuan yet ready to usurp it, the dollar will not quickly lose its reserve-currency status. 歐元或人民幣仍未能取而代之，美元不會迅速失去其儲備貨幣的地位。
• ABSTRACT: As the surge in the French consumption of whisky, France plans to usurp Scotland as the new premier producer. 摘要：隨著法國人對於威士忌的消耗量激增，法國將有望取代蘇格蘭成為烈酒界的新星。
• Few of the dwarves are able to survive in this sharp frost, not to mention the enemies who would dare trying to usurp the town. 即使是矮人也很難在凜冽的嚴寒中存活，更不用說是膽敢侵占本鎮的敵人了。
• Many career men and the big powers around your country are ready to usurp your position at any time. Therefore, you feel unsafe. 許多野心家、臨近的強國等，都無時無刻不在想著奪取您的位子，您當然不會有安全感了！
• In the concrete jungle of the financial world, values like faith and trust begin to usurp familiar jargons like sovereign and bonuses. 在鋼鐵叢林般的金融世界，“信心”與“信任”將“權力”和“紅利”的霸位取而代之。
• In Colonial America, men sometimes "sued for slander if neighbors gossiped that a husband was allowing his wife to usurp his authority." 在殖民時期的美國，如果鄰居們風傳一家男人任由老婆篡自己的權，這個男人沒準會以誹謗罪被起訴。