relieve

vt. 緩解,消除,減少 lessenvt.

換班,換崗 take a duty from sb as a relief

形容詞: relievable名詞: reliever過去式: relieved過去分詞: relieved現在分詞: relieving第三人稱單數: relieves

基本介紹

• 中文名：救濟；減輕；解除；偷
• 外文名：relieve
• 英式音標：rɪ'liːv
• 美式音標：rɪ'liːv
• 詞性：名詞

詳細釋義

中文釋義

v.(動詞)

1. 襯托
2. 使不單調乏味，使有趣
3. 救援，救出，救濟，救助，將（城鎮從敵人的圍困中）解圍，援救
4. 使寬慰，使放心
5. <口>偷，竊去
6. 使顯目，使顯著，突出
7. 使成浮雕
8. 解除（職務）
9. 使脫離，解脫
10. 供應食品給
11. 接班，接防，接替，給...換班，換...的班
12. 緩和，緩解，減輕（問題的嚴重性）
13. 調劑

英英釋義

Verb:

1. provide physical relief, as from pain;
   "This pill will relieve your headaches"
2. free someone temporarily from his or her obligations
3. grant relief or an exemption from a rule or requirement to;
   "She exempted me from the exam"
4. lessen the intensity of or calm;
   "The news eased my conscience"
   "still the fears"
5. save from ruin, destruction, or harm
6. relieve oneself of troubling information
7. provide relief for;
   "remedy his illness"
8. free from a burden, evil, or distress
9. take by stealing;
   "The thief relieved me of $100"
10. grant exemption or release to;
    "Please excuse me from this class"
11. alleviate or remove (pressure or stress) or make less oppressive;
    "relieve the pressure and the stress"
    "lighten the burden of caring for her elderly parents"

用作動詞 (v.)

用作及物動詞

1. S+～+ n./pron.
2. The doctor oftenrelievethe poor.
   那位醫生經常救濟貧民。
3. He devoted himself torelievingthe distressed.
   他致力於救濟受苦受難的人。
4. We did what we could torelievethe people in the flood-stricken areas.
   我們盡了最大努力救濟遭受水災地區的人民。
5. The doctors did their best torelievethe patient.
   醫生們盡力減輕病人的痛苦。
6. He thinks it is his duty torelievethe sickness.
   他認為消除疾病是他的職責。
7. Tearsrelievesher.
   流淚減輕了她的痛苦。
8. The soldiers were sent torelievethe besieged city.
   已派了軍隊去援救那個被圍的城市。
9. They decided not to count on foreign aid torelievethe famine.
   他們決定不依靠外援救災。
10. They could suggest nothing torelievethe crisis.
    他們提不出辦法來緩和危機。
11. Rather thanrelievingthe situation, his action aggravated it.
    他的行動不僅沒有緩和局勢反而加劇了局勢。
12. His humorous remarkrelievedthe tension in the room.
    他講的那些幽默的話緩和了室內的緊張氣氛。
13. The good newsrelievedus.
    這個好訊息使我們放心了。
14. It wouldrelievemy mind if some sort of understanding was reached between us.
    如果我們之間能達成某種諒解,我就會寬心了。
15. No words canrelieveher sorrow.
    什麼話也不能減輕她的悲痛。
16. Shout if you want to, it willrelieveyour feelings.
    要喊你就喊吧,這樣你會好受些。
17. They can alsorelievespasm.
    它們還可以治痙攣。
18. Can you give me something torelievemy headache?
    你能不能給我點藥把我的頭痛止住?
19. They are effective inrelievingpain.
    它們止疼很有效。
20. Cool waterrelievesthe pain of minor burns.
    涼水可以減輕輕度燒傷的疼痛。
21. He willrelievea sickness teacher tomorrow.
    他明天要為一個生病的老師代課。
22. The Government acted quickly torelievethe widespread distress caused by the earthquake.
    地震造成大範圍的災難,政府迅速採取行動賑濟災民。
23. This medicine will relieve your headache.
    這藥將減輕你的頭痛。
24. Anxiety may berelievedby talking to a friend.
    和朋友交談可以減輕憂慮。
25. They wererelievedat the news.
    聽到這一訊息,他們放心了。
26. She feltrelievedat the prospect.
    看到這樣的前景,她感到寬慰。
27. The brown hills arerelievedby patches of green.
    褐色的小山上點綴著一塊塊的綠色,顯得不那么單調。
28. The guard will berelievedat midnight.
    這衛兵要到午夜才換班。
29. You will berelievedat 12.
    在12點鐘會有人來替換你。
30. The sentry isrelievedat regular intervals.
    哨兵每隔一段時間就換崗。
31. The general was relieved of his command.
    將軍被解除了指揮權。
32. He was relieved of his watch.
    他的表被偷走了。
33. The route was designed to relievetraffic congestion.
    這條路是為緩解交通擁擠而開闢的。

S+be ～ed+to- v /that-clause

1. We wererelievedto hear that she was out of danger.
   聽說她脫險了,我們的心才放下來。
2. I wasrelievedto see them back.
   看到他們回來我才放心。
3. I wasrelievedto see that he seemed almost himself again.
   看到他又恢復理智,我總算放心了。

詞語用法

1. relieve的基本意思是“減輕,除去(痛苦、不安)”,指暫時而不是從根本上解除或減輕不愉快的感情、負擔或痛苦。引申可表示“解除某人的職務等”。relieve還可作“給…換班”“換崗”解。
2. relieve是及物動詞,接名詞或代詞作賓語。
3. relieve接agaist表示“在…的襯托下”,接at表示“因…而感到寬慰”,接from或of表示“免除”“解脫”。

常用短語

用作動詞 (v.)

• relieve against (v.+prep.)
• 在…的映襯下 be in the reflectrelieve sth against sth用於 be ～ed 結構
  The mountain is relieved against the blue sky.在藍天的映襯下,這座山輪廓分明。
  The picture is relieved against the background.這幅畫有背景襯托分外醒目。
• relieve from (v.+prep.)
• 使從(不愉快的境況)中解脫出來 take from (sb) the worst or greatest part of (sth unpleasant)
  He relieved me from anxiety. 他解除我的憂慮。
  This medicine will help to relieve you from your pain. 這種藥將幫助你解除疼痛。
  More help in the office would relieve me from some of this responsibility. 如果辦公室里再添些幫手,那會使我減輕些負擔。
• 將(某人)免職 dismiss (sb) from (a position, often responsible)
  The captain was relieved from his post when his guilt was proved. 當船長被證明有罪後,他被免了職。
• relieve of (v.+prep.)
• 解除(某人)的(負擔、困難等) take from (sb) (sth heavy to carry or hard to do)
  This relieved us of part of our luggage. 這給我們減去一部分行李的負擔。
  Let me relieve you of your travelling-bag. 我來幫你拿旅行袋。
  I wanted to relieve myself of these duties as soon as possible. 我想儘快從這些責任中解脫出來。
  It will relieve them of a tremendous burden. 這將給他們解除一個巨大的負擔。
  These machines would relieve the peasants of their backbreaking labour. 這些機器可以把農民從繁重的體力勞動中解放出來。
  All this was done to relieve women of household chores. 這一切都是為了把婦女從家務勞動中解放出來。
  ◇ 用於 be ～ed 結構
  She was glad to be relieved of this burden. 她很高興卸掉了這個包袱。
  They are relieved of material difficulties. 他們擺脫了物質方面的困境。
  Very quickly, the patient was relieved of his pain. 很快病人就不痛了。
• 免除(某人)的(職務、麻煩等) dismiss (sb) of (sth)
  Your coming relieved me of the bother of writing a long letter. 你來了,省去我寫長信的麻煩了。
  ◇ 用於 be ～ed 結構
  I was relieved of my position as director. 我被免除了董事的職務。
  The captain has been relieved of his duties. 那位上尉已被解除了職務。
  The Vice Minister was relieved of office at his own request. 那位副部長在自己的請求下已被免職。
  Soon I was relieved of this extra work. 不久就給我免去了這項額外工作。
  So he asked to be relieved of the job and returned to London. 因此他要求免去這項工作,回到了倫敦。
  He was relieved of employment. 他失業了。
• 盜取(某人)的(東西) humor to rob (sb) of (sth)
  The thief relieved him of his watch. 賊把他的表偷了。
  It did not take the thieves long to relieve the passengers of all their money. 小偷們沒用多長時間就把乘客們的錢偷了個精光。
• relieve oneself
• 上廁所 pass water or empty the bowels
  The boy said he badly wanted to relieve himself. 小孩子說他想上廁所。
  Presently Hall rose and left the room to relieve himself. 沒多久,霍爾站起身出去解手了。

辭彙搭配

用作動詞 (v.)

～+名詞

• relieve the boy's arm of pain減輕了孩子手臂的疼痛

～+副詞

• relieve economically經濟上減輕
• relieve effectually有效地減輕
• relieve greatly大為減輕
• relieve nationally民族地去除
• relieve painlessly無痛地除去
• relieve spiritually精神上減輕
• relieve ultimately最後解除

～+介詞

• relieve against在…襯托下
• relieve at因…感到寬慰
• relieve by鑲在…邊上
• relieve sb from使擺脫,解除
• relieve sb from anxiety消除某人的憂慮
• relieve ...of使擺脫,解除
• relieve of sb's command解除某人的指揮權
• relieve sb of the burden減輕某人的負擔
• relieve with用…來襯托

詞義辨析

v.(動詞)

• relieve from, relieve of
• 這組短語的意思都是“解除”。其區別是：
  前者指解除或減輕痛苦、憂慮、危險,強調狀態; 後者指解脫沉重的負擔、包袱等,強調對象。
• relieve, comfort, soothe
• 這三個詞都可表示“安慰”。其區別是：
  comfort指用鼓舞、安慰、希望減少別人的痛苦、傷悲; relieve指能暫時減少些痛苦,以便能容易忍受; soothe意思是緩和痛苦,使其鎮靜一些。例如:
• He always does what he can to comfort those who are in trouble.
• 他總是盡力去安慰處於困境的人。
• This is a drug that relieves headaches.
• 這是一種減輕頭痛的藥物。
• He'd got very annoyed about it, and it took all her tact to soothe him down.
• 他對此非常生氣,她使出各種乖巧的 方法才使他平靜下來。

relieve, free, release

這組詞都有“解除”的意思。其區別是：

free指使某人或某物從某種限制的情況下解脫出來或釋放,後面常跟介詞from或of。release指使某人或某物較為具體地擺脫某種限制、束縛或痛苦,例如:

He released her arm.他放開了她的手臂。

The missile was automatically released by the computer.這枚飛彈是通過計算機自動發射的。

relieve指解除不愉快的感情或負擔等,例如:

It will relieve them of a tremendous burden.這將給他們解除一個巨大的負擔。

I wanted to relieve myself of these duties as soon as possible.我想儘快從這些責任中解脫出來。

relieve, allay, alleviate, assuage, lighten, mitigate

這組詞都可表示“使某事變得能夠忍受或不太嚴重”。其區別是：

relieve指減輕負擔、災難、痛苦或恐懼,強調使能忍受或忘卻; allay一般指減輕到確實消痛或壓驚的地步,但不一定完全消除; alleviate強調暫時或部分地緩解; assuage專指平息或緩和怒氣等強烈的情緒,也可指把痛苦減輕到可以忍受的程度; lighten指減輕負荷或重壓,從而產生輕鬆的影響; mitigate指緩和痛苦等的強度,但不一定暗示減輕到可以忍受的程度。

comfort console ease soothe relieve

這些動詞均含有“給人以幫助以減輕痛苦或悲傷”之意。

• comfort:comfort普通用詞，指用語言或行動對痛苦者給予鼓勵、勇氣和力量，從而減輕其痛苦或悲傷，得到安慰。
• console:console較正式用詞，側重緩和或減輕別人的痛苦或悲傷。
• ease:ease正式用詞，指減輕身心的痛苦、不安和憂慮。
• soothe:soothe著重以安慰減輕悲痛、憤怒或激動，使人理智地平靜下來。也可指藥物等減輕病痛。
• relieve:relieve指解除或緩解某人的病痛、擔心或憂慮等，常用被動態。

詞源解說

• 1300年入英進語，直接源自古法語的relever，意為救濟，減輕；最初源自古典拉丁語的relevare：re- + levare (激勵，減輕），意為救濟，減輕。

經典引文

• ehold the hand..Stretch'd to relieve the..Poor.
  出自：Pope
• Neither trees nor bushes to relieve the eye from the russet..of absolute sterility.
  出自：Sir W. Scott
• The successes of convergent Allied Armies in North Africa would relieve Malta.
  出自：D. Fraser