polluter是英語名詞,音標為英[pəˈluːtə(r)]、美[pəˈluːtər],意為“污染者”“污染源”或“污染物質”,複數形式為polluters。作為環境領域核心術語,其常用於政策法規及生態保護語境,指代造成環境污染的責任主體或源頭,如企業、工業設施等。常見搭配包括“polluter pays principle”(污染者付費原則),該原則主張污染者承擔治理成本,被納入多國環境法規。
20世紀後期,隨著環境保護意識提升,polluter的詞義逐漸聚焦於明確污染責任。1992年《里約宣言》原則16正式提出“污染者付費原則”,強化了該詞在法律文本中的套用。後續國際公約如《奧胡斯公約基輔議定書》進一步細化污染者信息公開義務,澳大利亞等國通過徵稅、罰款等方式落實污染者責任。複數形式polluters常指代多類污染主體,涵蓋工業、航運等高排放行業。
基本介紹
- 外文名:polluter
- 詞性:名詞
- 發音:[pəˈluːtər]
基本含義
發展歷程
基本特徵
套用
影響
相關研究
雙語例句
- Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter, producing up to 2.4 million tons of plastic waste into the oceans every year according to a report. 一份報告顯示,印度尼西亞是第二大海洋塑膠污染國,每年向海洋排放多達240萬噸塑膠垃圾。
- Have you heard about "polluter pays principle"? 您是否聽說過“污者自付計畫”?
- The polluter should pay. 污染者應該承擔污染的代價。
- Goodbye from the world's biggest polluter. 世界上最大的污染源跟您說再見了!
- The steel mill is the city's major polluter. 這個鋼廠是這個城市主要的污染者。
- But the us, the biggest polluter, refuses to do so. 而世界最大的污染源美國卻拒絕加入該協定。
- The province of Alberta is Canada's top polluter as of May 2007. 直到2007年5月,阿爾伯塔省一直是加拿大的頭號污染省。
- A polluter then would pay for all the resources which he consumes. 這樣,污染者就要為他所消費的資源付款。
- America, the world's biggest consumer, is the world's biggest polluter. 美國,這個世界最大的消費者,也是世界最大的污染者。
- Occasionally a polluter will be forced to pay farmers for damage to crops. 污染製造者偶爾會被強制賠付農民的農作物損失。
- China is a major polluter with a plan to fix it. America is a major polluter. 中國是一個有計畫的主要污染者,而美國是一個主要污染者。
- The right response to an externality of this kind is to tax it-to make the polluter pay. 處理這類預期之外後果的正確方法應是,向債務人收稅,即讓污染者承擔損失。
- India (a much smaller polluter) has steadfastly resisted binding targets for poor countries. 印度(一個小得多的污染者)堅定不移的抵制對貧窮國家的指標限制。
- But not every polluter has upstanding Norwegians investing in it, or holds its AGM in London. 但是並非每一個污染企業都有正值的挪威人對其進行調查、或者在倫敦舉行(阻止該)企業年度大會。
- The more pollution companies have produced, the greater their free allocation will be - the polluter gets paid. 企業造成的污染越多,它的免費配額就越多——污染者反而賺了。
- But in the U. S., the world's biggest greenhouse polluter, legislators want to cut taxes rather than boost spending. 可是,在美國這個世界第一的溫室氣體污染國,議員一心想減稅,不想增加支出。
- The main pollutant of this kind of sewage is oils, polluter of the suspended substance and dissolving organic matter. 這類污水的主要污染物是油類、懸浮物污染物質及溶解性有機物。
- Further east, Petroecuador, the state oil company and the country's worst polluter, is developing a block adjacent to ITT. 再往東,厄瓜多國有石油公司——該國最大的污染公司,正在開發一塊毗鄰itt的區域。
- Buyers of energy-efficient cars will get a rebate of 3, 000 yuan ($450) to help cut pollution in China, the world’s biggest polluter. 為了減少這個世界最大污染源對環境污染,低油耗汽車的購買者可以獲得3000元(450美元)的補貼。
- It allows for a huge increase in "offsets" -where a polluter pays someone else to stop polluting instead of curbing his own emissions. 這一提案還允許了大量的“抵消”行為——就是一個排放企業不限排,而改為為另外一個企業的不排放付款。
- We should abide by the principles such as "paid by polluter", "special tax for special use" when formulating the tax on water pollution. 我國制定水污染稅應遵循“污染者付費”、“專稅專用”的原則。
- Will Obama sign and abide by the Kyoto agreement, or will he continue to allow the biggest polluter on the planet to pollute with impunity? 歐巴馬是否會簽訂並遵守京都議定書,或者仍允許污染者肆意污染卻不接受懲罰呢?
- In control environment pollution, western countries mainly take polluter burden, drainage pollution charge and control pollution's preferential policy. 在環境污染治理方面,西方國家主要實行污染者負擔政策、排污收費政策、治理污染優惠政策等,取得了一定的成效。
- We believe that it is correct that Shell [Nigeria] fund the study, as this is in compliance with the internationally accepted norm of the 'polluter pays'. 我們相信殼牌資助這項研究是合理的,因為遵照了國際上廣泛接受的‘污染者付費原則’。

