《AD 381》是英國歷史學家查爾斯·弗里曼（Charles Freeman）於2009年出版的宗教歷史類著作，副標題為《異端、異教徒與基督教國家》（*Heretics, Pagans and the Christian State*）。該書聚焦公元381年東羅馬皇帝狄奧多西一世頒布的宗教法令，分析其如何通過確立三位一體教義為基督教正統，並將其他解釋定性為異端的歷史背景與政治動因。
弗里曼通過梳理4世紀羅馬帝國的宗教政策變遷，探討了基督教從多元信仰向單一正統轉變的過程。書中指出狄奧多西的法令不僅強化了教會與帝國的聯結，也加劇了對異教及非正統教派的壓制，並揭示了這一事件對歐洲宗教格局的深遠影響。部分學者評論其結合了詳實的史料分析與對權力與信仰關係的批判視角。
基本介紹
- 外文名：AD 381
- 作者：Freeman, Charles
- 出版時間：2009年3月
- ISBN：9781845950071
內容簡介
A provoking and timely examination of one of the most important moments in Church history.
In 381 AD, Theodosius, emperor of the eastern Roman Empire, issued a decree in which all his subjects were required to subscribe to a belief in the Trinity of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. This edict defined Christianity; all other interpretations were now declared heretical. Moreover, for the first time in a thousand years of Greco-Roman civilization, free thought was unambiguously suppressed. Yet surprisingly, this political revolution, intended to bring inner cohesion to an empire under threat from the outside, has been airbrushed from the historical record. Instead, it has been claimed that the Christian Church had reached a consensus on the Trinity which was promulgated at the Council of Constantinople in 381.
This groundbreaking new book shows that the Council was in fact a shambolic affair, which only took place after Theodosius’s decree had become law. In short, the Church was acquiescing in the overwhelming power of the Emperor. Freeman argues that the edict and the subsequent suppression of paganism not only brought an end to religious and philosophical diversity throughout the Empire, but created numerous theological problems for the Church that have remained unsolved. The year AD 381, Freeman concludes, marked “a turning point which time forgot.”- From the Hardcover edition.
