精惡唑禾草靈

適於雙子葉作物如大豆、花生、油菜、棉花、甜菜、亞麻、馬鈴薯、蔬菜田及桑果園等田中防除單子葉雜草。加入安全劑Hoe070542後適於小麥田防除禾本科雜草。

基本介紹

• 中文名：精惡唑禾草靈
• 外文名： fenoxaprop-P-ethyl
• 其他名稱：驃馬，威霸，維利
• 毒性：屬低毒除草劑
• 劑型：6.9%水乳劑，12%、7.5%、10%乳油
• CAS登記號：62850-32-2

簡介

英文通用名 fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

其他名稱 驃馬，威霸，維利，高惡唑禾草靈，Hoe-046360,Hoe-33171,whip

毒性 屬低毒除草劑。原藥大鼠急性經口LD503040毫克/公斤，大鼠急性吸入LC50>0.604克/m3(4小時)。原藥對兔眼和皮膚無刺激作用，對水生生物毒性中等，虹鱒魚LC50(96小時)1.3毫克/升,對鳥類低毒。

劑型 6.9%水乳劑，12%、7.5%、10%乳油。

惡唑禾草靈結構

特點

屬雜環氧基苯氧基丙酸類除草劑，主要是通過抑制脂肪酸合成的關鍵酶一乙醯輔酶A羧化酶，從而抑制了脂肪酸的合成。藥劑通過莖葉吸收傳導至分生組織及根的生長點，作用迅速，施藥後2-3天停止生長，5-6天心葉失綠變紫色，分生組織變褐色，葉片逐漸枯死，是選擇性極強的莖葉處理劑。

殺草譜

主要用於防除野燕麥、看麥娘、狗尾草、燕麥、黑麥草、早熟禾、稗草、自生玉米、馬唐等

使用方法

1.小麥田 防禾本科雜草，春小麥3葉期至拔節前，10%乳油450-600毫升/公頃，加水300L莖葉處理。

2.大豆田 大豆芽後2-3複葉期，52-69克/公頃 (有效成分)，加水300-450L，莖葉處理。

3.花生田 花生2-3葉期，雜草3-5葉期，46.6-62 克/公頃 (有效成分)，加水300L莖葉處理。

4. 油菜田 油菜3-6葉期，雜草3-葉期施藥，用量為41.4-51.75 克/公頃(冬油菜)，51.75-62.1 克/公頃 (春油菜)，對水300L噴霧。

注意事項

1.勿使藥劑流入池塘。

2.在單雙子葉雜草混生地可與異丙隆，溴苯晴等除草劑混用。

英文版本介紹

fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

Chemical Abstracts name ethyl (R)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoate CAS RN [71283–80–2] Development codes Hoe 046360 (Hoechst); AE F046360 (AgrEvo) Smiles code CCOC(=O)[C@@H](C)Oc1ccc(Oc2nc3ccc(Cl)cc3o2)cc1;without stereochemistry:CCOC(=O)C(C)Oc1ccc(Oc2nc3ccc(Cl)cc3o2)cc1

fenoxaprop-P

Common name fenoxaprop-P (BSI, E-ISO); fénoxaprop-P ((m) F-ISO)

IUPAC name (R)-2-[4-(6-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yloxy)phenoxy]propionic acid; (R)-2-[4-(6-chlorobenzoxazol-2-yloxy)phenoxy]propionic acid

Chemical Abstracts name (R)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid CAS RN [113158–40–0] Development codes Hoe 088406 (Hoechst); AE F088406 (AgrEvo)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

Mol. wt. 361.8 M.f. C18H16ClNO5 Form White, odourless solid. M.p. 89–91 °C V.p. 5.3 × 10 mPa (20 °C) Kow logP = 4.58 Henry 2.74 × 10 Pa m mol (calc.) S.g./density 1.3 (20 °C) Solubility In water 0.7 mg/l (pH 5.8, 20 °C). In acetone, toluene and ethyl acetate >200, methanol 43 (all in g/l, 20 °C). Stability Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl is stable for 90 d at 50 °C. Not sensitive to light. Hydrolysis DT50 2.8 d (pH 4), 19.2 d (pH 5), 23.2 d (pH 7), 0.6 d (pH 9) (25 °C) (EFSA Sci. Rep. (2007) 121, 1–76).

fenoxaprop-P

Mol. wt. 333.7 M.f. C16H12ClNO5 Form Light beige, weakly pungent, fine powder. M.p. 155–161 °C V.p. 3.5 × 10 mPa Kow logP = 1.83–0.24 (pH 5–9) Henry 1.91 × 10 Pa m mol(pH 7.0, calc.) S.g./density c. 1.5 (20 °C) Solubility In water 0.27 (pH 5.1), 61 (pH 7.0) (both in g/l, 20 °C). In acetone 80, toluene 0.5, ethyl acetate 36, methanol 34 (all in g/l, 20 °C).

COMMERCIALISATION

History The herbicidal enantiomer of fenoxaprop was reported by H. P. Huff et al. (Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Weeds, 1989, 2, 717). Introduced by Hoechst AG (now Bayer AG) in 1988.

Manufacturers Bayer CropScience; Anhui Huaxing; Cheminova; Fengle; JIE; Jingma; Kajo; Sharda; Sundat; Tide; Zhejiang Hisun

APPLICATIONS

fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

Biochemistry Fatty acid synthesis inhibition in grasses, by inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase). Rapidly hydrolysed in plants to the acid, which is still herbicidally active. Mode of action Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl is a selective herbicide with contact and systemic action, absorbed principally by the leaves, with translocation both acropetally and basipetally to the roots or rhizomes.

Uses Post-emergence control of annual and perennial grass weeds in potatoes, beans, soya beans, beets, vegetables, peanuts, flax, oilseed rape and cotton; and (when applied with the herbicide safener mefenpyr-diethyl) annual and perennial grass weeds and wild oats in wheat, rye, triticale and, depending on ratio, in some varieties of barley. Applied at 40–90 g/ha in cereals (max. 83 g/ha in EU) and at 30–140 g/ha in broad-leaved crops. Phytotoxicity Non-phytotoxic to broad-leaved crops.

Formulation types EC; EW; SE.

PRODUCTS

fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

Selected products 'Furore Super' (Bayer CropScience); 'Foxtrot' (Cheminova); 'Masaldo' (Crop Health); 'Sunfenoxa-P-Ethyl' (Sundat); mixtures 'Hussar' (+ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Puma' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Puma Super' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience). Other products 'Acclaim Super' (Bayer CropScience); 'Bugle' (Bayer CropScience); 'Depon Super' (Bayer CropScience); 'Option II' (Bayer CropScience); 'Rumpas' (Bayer CropScience); 'Silverado' (Bayer CropScience); 'Starice' (Bayer CropScience); 'Triumph' (Bayer CropScience); 'Whip 360' (Bayer CropScience); 'Whip Super' (Bayer CropScience); 'Felmon' (Efthymiadis); 'Jupiter' (P I Industries); 'Orion' (Biostadt); 'Ralon' (Nufarm Deutschland); mixtures 'Baghera' (+ diclofop-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Cheetah Super' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Cheyenne' (+ MCPA-2-ethylhexyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Corniche' (+ diclofop-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Dakota' (+ MCPA-2-ethylhexyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Djinn' (+ isoproturon + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Dopler' (+ diclofop-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Horizon 2000' (+ fluazifop-P-butyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Hussar OF' (+ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Podium S' (+ clethodim) (Bayer CropScience); 'Preclaim' (+ pendimethalin) (Bayer CropScience); 'Proper energy' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Puma Extra' (+ isoproturon) (Bayer CropScience); 'Puma Power' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Puma S' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Puma X' (+ isoproturon) (Bayer CropScience); 'Ricestar' (+ isoxadifen-ethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Ricestar xtra' (+ ethoxysulfuron) (Bayer CropScience); 'Tigress Ultra' (+ diclofop-methyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Tiller' (+ 2,4-D-2-ethylhexyl + MCPA-2-ethylhexyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Tiller Gold' (+ ethoxysulfuron) (Bayer CropScience); 'Turbo' (+ ethoxysulfuron + isoxadifen-ethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Wildcat' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Zeus' (+ diclofop-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Bayer CropScience); 'Bledor' (+ diclofop-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl) (Siapa); 'Fenuron Super-Set' (+ chlorotoluron) (Nufarm Deutschland); 'Fusion' (+ fluazifop-P-butyl) (Bayer CropScience, Syngenta); 'Ralon Super' (+ mefenpyr-diethyl) (Nufarm Deutschland). Discontinued products 'Silban' * (IPESA); mixtures 'Tigress' * (+ diclofop-methyl) (AgrEvo); 'Tiller' * (+ 2,4-D-isoctyl + MCPA-2-ethylhexyl) (AgrEvo); 'Twister' * (+ fluazifop-P-butyl + fomesafen-sodium) (Syngenta).

ANALYSIS

Product analysis by hplc with uv detection; enantiomeric purity by chiral phase separation, followed by uv detection (CIPAC Handbook, 2000, J, 51). Details are also available from Bayer CropScience.

TOXICOLOGICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS

EFSA Sci. Rep. (2007) 121, 1–76. 91/414/EC Annex I status Included, 2008/66/EC.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY

fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats 3150–4000, mice >5000 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >1.224 mg/l air. NOEL (90 d) for rats 0.75 mg/kg b.w. daily (10 ppm), for mice 1.4 mg/kg b.w. daily (10 ppm), for dogs 15.9 mg/kg b.w. daily (400 ppm). ADI/RfD (EC) 0.01 mg/kg b.w. [2008].

ECOTOXICOLOGY

fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

Birds Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail >2000 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (96 h) for bluegill sunfish 0.58, rainbow trout 0.46 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 0.56 (pH 8.0–8.4), 2.7 (pH 7.7–7.8) mg/l. Algae LC50 (72 h) for Scenedesmus subspicatus 0.51 mg/l. Bees LC50 (oral) >199 μg/bee; (contact) >200 μg/bee (EFSA Sci. Rep.). Worms LC50 (14 d) for Eisenia foetida >1000 mg/kg soil.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Plants In plants, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl is metabolised via fenoxaprop-P to 6-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzoxazol-2-one. Soil/Environment In soil, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl is rapidly hydrolysed to fenoxaprop-P (A. E. Smith, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1985, 33, 483); DT50 1–10 d.