基本介紹
- 中文名：半系動詞
- 解釋：相當於be的動詞
- 性質：語言
- 類別：英語
分類,1）狀態系動詞,2）持續系動詞,3）表像系動詞,4）感官系動詞,5）變化系動詞,6）終止系動詞,實例解析,
分類
半系動詞後可用名詞、不定式、分詞和形容詞等作表語，這類詞有：
1.表感官的系動詞：look, sound, notice，taste, smell, feel（這些詞用形容詞作表語）
2.表似乎的系動詞seem, appear
3.表變化的系動詞：become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run
4.表依舊的系動詞：remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, lie, hold
5.可帶名詞作表語的系動詞：become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn（該詞後接的單數名詞前多不用冠詞。如：He turned teacher.）
如果讀者對於這個語法現象還是不怎么理解的話，可以以這個名句為例子學學：the man who dies rich dies disgraced.在巨富中死去，是一種恥辱。其中的rich and disgraced 是說明主語的性質的。
1）狀態系動詞
用來表示主語狀態，只有be一詞，例如：
He is a teacher. 他是一名教師。（is與補足語一起說明主語的身份。）
2）持續系動詞
用來表示主語繼續或保持一種狀況或態度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：
He always kept silent at meeting. 他開會時總保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一個謎。
3）表像系動詞
用來表示"看起來像"這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：
He looks tired. 他看起來很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起來很傷心。
4）感官系動詞
感官系動詞(以描述感覺為主的詞）主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
這種布手感很軟。
This flower smells very sweet.
這朵花聞起來很香。
5）變化系動詞
這些系動詞表示主語變成什麼樣，變化系動詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如：
He became mad after that. 自那之後，他瘋了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她沒多長時間就富了。
6）終止系動詞
表示主語已終止動作，主要有prove, turn out, 表達"證實"，"變成"之意，例如：
The rumor proved false. 這謠言證實有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查證實很難。
His plan turned out a success. 他的計畫終於成功了。（turn out表終止性結果）
注意：可帶名詞作表語的系動詞be, become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn後接的單數名詞 前多不用冠詞。
2．系動詞無被動語態：
appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn
如： It sounds good.
實例解析
1、“感官動詞”類：look feel smell taste sound等，例如：
(1)The story sounds_______.(MET89)
A.to be true B.as true C.being true D.true
(2)Those oranges taste_______.(MET91)
A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well
(3)--Are you feeling_______ (NMET92)
--Yes I'm fine now.
A.any well B.any better C.quite good D.quite better
(4)--Do you like the material
--Yes it______very well.(NMET94)
A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt
(5)--How are you today
--Oh I______as ill as I do now for a very long time.
(NMET2000)
A.didn't feel B.wasn't feeling
C.don't feel D.haven't felt
(6)--You don't look very______.Are you ill?
--No I'm just a bit tired.(北京春招2003)
A.good B.well C.strong D.healthy
(7)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if
______whether he was going in the right direction.
(2003春招)
A.seeing B.having seen C.to have seen D.to see
解析 此七題的答案分別是DABCDBD。此類半系動詞通常可以直接搭配形容詞或like或asif等結構。此類半系動詞一般不使用進行時或被動語態。第(7)題的asif後實際上省略了hewanted.
2、“狀態變化”類：get turn go come become grow fall make等，例如：
(1)--How long_____each other before they______married?
--For about a year.(NMET93)
A.have they known; get
B.did they know; were going to get
C.do they know; are going to get
D.had they known; got
(2)Cleaning women in big cities usually get_____by the hour.(NMET98)
A.pay B.paying C.paid D.topay
(3)As we joined the big crowd I got______from my friends.(NMET2001)
A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed
(4)Becareful when you cross this very busy street. If not
you may______run over by a car.(北京春招2002)
A.have B.get C.become D.turn
(5)--How are the team playing?
--They are playing well but one of them______hurt.
(2002春招)
A.got B.gets C.are D.were
3、“保持不變”類：stay lie stand keep remain continue等，例如：
(1)Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old
couple but it remains______whether they will enjoy it.
(NMET2002)
A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen
(2)--Mummy can I put the peaches in the cupboard?
--No dear.They don't______well. Put them in the
