avuncular

avuncular

avuncular是英語中的形容詞,主要用於描述行為或氣質如叔叔般友好、仁慈或樂於助人,常見於正式語境。其核心含義包括“伯父的”“叔伯似的”以及引申的“慈祥的”“諄諄長輩風範的”。該詞在英式英語和美式英語中的發音分別為和,西班牙語譯為“bondadoso”,中文則有“慈愛的”“叔伯般的”等對應翻譯。實用例句如“His avuncular image belies his steely determination”(他慈祥的形象掩蓋了鋼鐵般的決心),體現了該詞在正式或文學表達中的典型用法。

基本介紹

  • 詞性:形容詞
  • 詞源:源自拉丁語“avunculus”(舅舅),與“uncle”(叔伯)相關 
  • 英式發音:/əˈvʌŋ.kjə.lər/  
  • 美式發音:/əˈvʌŋ.kjə.lɚ/  
  • 同義詞:fatherly、benevolent  
  • 反義詞:uncousinly 
詞源與歷史,發音與拼寫,語義與用法,實用場景例句,相關辭彙,雙語例句,

詞源與歷史

avuncular的詞根可追溯至拉丁語“avunculus”(舅舅),後經英語演變與“uncle”(叔、伯、舅)關聯。其原始含義指與叔伯相關的血緣或行為特徵,後逐漸擴展至形容具有長輩關懷特質的行為。

發音與拼寫

  • 英式發音:/əˈvʌŋ.kjə.lər/(音標分解為+++)
  • 美式發音:/əˈvʌŋ.kjə.lɚ/(音標分解與英式相似,尾音更短促)

語義與用法

  1. 核心釋義:
  2. 字面意義指“與叔、伯、舅相關的”,如“avuncular inheritance”(舅甥繼承)。
  3. 引申為“慈愛的”“具有長輩風範的”,常用於正式語境,如“an avuncular, quietly spoken man”(一位慈祥且言語溫和的男士)。
  4. 語義擴展:在文學或口語中,該詞可隱含“表面溫和但內在堅定”的反差,例如“His avuncular manner masked a sharp intellect”(他慈祥的舉止下隱藏著敏銳的智慧)。

實用場景例句

  • 描述人物特質:“He was now playing the role of disinterested host and avuncular mentor.”(他此時扮演著無私的主人兼慈父般導師的角色)。
  • 表達行為風格:“She adopted an avuncular tone when advising the young interns.”(她在指導年輕實習生時採用了長輩式的口吻)。

相關辭彙

  • 近義詞:paternal(父親般的)、benevolent(仁慈的)、kind(友善的)。
  • 反義詞:uncousinly(非堂親的)、indifferent(漠不關心的)。
  • 聯想詞:affectionate(深情的)、protective(保護性的)。

雙語例句

  • He began to talk in his most gentle and avuncular manner. 他開始講話了,態度極其和藹慈愛。
  • He was now playing the role of disinterested host and avuncular mentor. 他現在正扮演著慷慨的主人和伯父似的指導人的角色。
  • The secret police have several functions, my dear, he began in an avuncular tone. “秘密警察有幾種職能,親愛的。”他開始用長輩的語氣說。
  • The linear relationship between paternity index and avuncular index is exhibited. 同時還證明了叔伯係數與父權指數之間的線性關係。
  • Only his facial twitches and the ghost of an old stammer gave the lie to his calm, avuncular image. 他的面部會不時的抽搐,而且長久以來一直受到口吃的困擾,正是這些才幫他將謊言隱藏在他那溫和慈祥長輩的形象下面。
  • He is an avuncular man in his fifties with a hairless pate and a perfect trapezoidal moustache that fans out to the corners of his mouth. 他五十多歲看著像個伯父,頭頂光光,修的完美的梯形鬍鬚一直散到嘴角。
  • Mr Sarkozy seems to think that he has an avuncular influence over Mr Medvedev, ten years his junior, and that he can build a grown-up relationship on this. 薩科齊先生似乎認為自己年長於梅德韋傑夫10歲的,就可以用長輩的身份對其施加影響,這樣就能建立成熟的雙邊關係。
  • At that point, Schmidt put an avuncular hand on Page's shoulder and brought him back to the real world. Now, with Page as CEO, that hand is less likely to be there. 那一刻,施密特將一隻伯父般的手放到佩奇的肩膀上,把他拉回到真實的世界中來。
  • Though he looks like an avuncular conductor of a giant toy train set, he labors daily trying to give away one of the world’s biggest fortunes, that made by his son at Microsoft. 雖然看起來更像是個巨型玩具火車的售票大伯,可事實上他每天的工作卻是把兒子在微軟工作的掙來的巨額財富悉數捐掉。
  • In popular culture today, Twain is "Colonel Sanders without the chicken, the avuncular man who told stories," Ron Powers, the author of "Mark Twain: a Life," said in a phone interview. 在今日的流行文化中,人們將吐溫看作“不賣炸雞的桑德斯上校,善於講故事的慈祥大伯,”這是“馬克·吐溫這一生”的作者榮·鮑厄斯在電話採訪中說的話。

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