aliphatic

aliphatic（英音[ˌælə'fætɪk]，美音[ˌælə'fætɪk]）是形容詞，中文譯為“脂肪族的”或“脂肪質的”，對應英文釋義為“having carbon atoms linked in open chains”。該術語屬於化學化工領域，特指碳原子以開鏈結構連線的有機化合物，在醫學領域亦用於描述相關分子結構。其化學特性表現為耐溶劑腐蝕、熱穩定性強，常見於脂肪族酸（aliphatic acids）、脂肪族溶劑（aliphatic solvents）及脂肪烴（aliphatic hydrocarbons）等套用場景。

該術語在材料科學中體現為脂肪族二異氰酸酯（aliphatic diisocyanate）用於提升聚氨酯耐磨性，脂肪族-芳香族共聚酯（aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters）通過調節單體比例最佳化材料性能。在有機合成領域，鐵催化體系可活化脂肪族C-H鍵（aliphatic C–H bonds）實現疊氮烷基化反應。脂肪族胺固化劑（aliphatic amine hardener）通過分子交聯增強環氧樹脂機械性能，套用於工業塗料與密封材料

基本介紹

• 中文名：脂肪質的，[有化] 脂肪族的 
• 外文名：aliphatic

短語

• 1aliphatic compound有化 脂肪族化合物 ; 有化 脂族化合物
• 2aliphatic acid有化 脂族酸 ; 脂肪酸 ; 脂肪族酸
• 3aliphatic alcohol有化 脂族醇

雙語例句

• 1It is an aliphatic ether of the cedrol.柏木醚是柏木醇的脂肪族醚。
• 2Resistant to wear, impact, salt water and aliphatic hydrocarbons.可耐磨損、碰撞，耐海水和脂肪烴類物質。
• 3It is soluble in aromatic, aliphatic, ester, and ketone solvents.本樹脂產品溶解於芳香類、脂肪類、酯類及酮類溶劑。
• 4Aliphatic hydrocarbons can be nitrated even with 13% nitric acid.脂肪酸甚至能被13的硝酸硝化。
• 5An organic chemical that belongs to the aliphatic group of hydrocarbons.屬於烴類脂族基的一種有機化學劑。
• 6Some method about synthesis of piperazine with aliphatic amine were introduced.介紹了由脂肪胺合成哌嗪的幾種方法。
• 7The structure, property and application of aliphatic polyketones are introduced.介紹脂肪族聚酮的結構、性能和套用。
• 8It is flexible and resistant to salt water, mineral oil and other aliphatic hydrocarbons.漆膜柔韌，耐海水，礦物油及其他脂肪烴類物質。
• 9Aliphatic amines gave him some indication of how much choline the dogs were able to absorb.脂族胺尼古爾遜博士了解到了狗對膽鹼的吸收能力。
• 10Aliphatic polyesters are not used for fiber production, because of their low melting points.脂肪族聚酯沒有用來生產纖維，可能是熔點低的緣故。
• 11A new method for synthesis of biodegradable aliphatic polyester was discussed in this article.介紹了一種合成可降解脂肪族聚酯的新方法。
• 12Aliphatic polyesters have better moisture resistance than starches, which have many hydroxyl groups.脂肪族聚酯具有更好的澱粉，其中有許多羥基防潮。
• 13This approach covers the substrate range of aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic and steric hindrance ketones.該催化劑適用於各種脂肪酮、芳香酮、雜環酮和位阻酮。
• 14An aromatic isocyanate is introduced into an IPN coating system to partly substitute the aliphatic isocyanate.利用IPN技術將芳香族異氰酸酯引入互穿聚合物網路塗層，取代部分脂肪族異氰酸酯。
• 15The etherification reaction of propylene oxide with lower aliphatic alcohol over LA2 solid acid catalyst was studied.敘述了環氧丙烷與低級脂肪醇在la2型固體酸催化劑上的反應。
• 16Any of a class of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that form part of a lipid molecule and can be derived from fat by hydrolysis.任何一種脂肪族的一元羧酸，構成油質分子的部分，可通過水解脂肪生成。
• 17Resistance to most oils and solvents, especially acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and animal and vegetable oils.對於大部份油品及溶劑都具有抵抗能力，尤其是酸類、脂族烴、芳香烴及動植物油。
• 18The results indicated that extracts contain aliphatic, aromatic and naphthenic compounds and a large amount of oxygen containing group.結果表明，萃取物中含有脂肪族結構、芳香結構、大量含氧基團，並含有脂環化合物。
• 19This paper aims at preparing biodegradable aliphatic block copolymers with combined mechanical and thermal properties with reduced cost.本文旨在製備低成本且力學性能和熱性能俱佳的可生物降解脂肪族嵌段共聚物。
• 20Progress on biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters based on aliphatic and aromatic diacids, diols and ester monomers was reviewed.綜述了以脂肪族酯和芳香族酯為單體製備生物可降解脂肪族-芳香族共聚酯的研究進展。
• 21Apparent partition coefficient KR and real partition coefficient K of some aliphatic alcohols and amines in squalane solution were reported.報導了用氣液色譜法研究脂肪醇和脂肪胺在角鯊烷中的表觀分配常數kr和真實分配常數k。
• 22This article summarized the three toxic constituent of locoweed: aliphatic nitro compound, selenium and selenide, locoweed toxin (alkaloids).概述了瘋草三類主要有毒成分：脂肪族硝基化合物、硒及硒化合物、瘋草毒素(生物鹼)。
• 23Aliphatic polyesters on the other hand are readily biodegradable, but lack good mechanical properties that are critical for most applications.另一方面易於生物降解脂肪族聚酯的，但缺乏很好，在大多數套用中的關鍵力學性能。
• 24Step II: Ganciclovir with a protected 2-amino group and one aliphatic hydroxy group protected is subjected to de-protection of the amino group.第二步：2-氨基和一個脂鏈羥基被保護的更昔洛韋要脫除氨基保護。
• 25On the basis of defining anomalous regions of total aliphatic acid abundance, 10 favorable areas for petroleum prospecting have been predicted.在圈定脂肪酸總豐度異常區的基礎上，作者預測了該探區10個石油勘探有利區塊。
• 26Compound Disinfectant of glutaraldehyde is mainly composed of the ingredients such as glutaraldehyde and polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether.複方戊二醛消毒劑主要由戊二醛、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚等成分組成。
• 27These aliphatic polyesters are, however, much more expensive and lack mechanical strength compared with conventional plastics such as polyethylene.這些脂肪族聚酯然而，更昂貴和缺乏機械強度比傳統塑膠如聚乙烯。
• 28Glutaraldehyde is an important saturated aliphatic binary aldehyde which is widely used in medical industry, leather production, oil field, and so on.戊二醛是重要的飽和脂肪族二元醛，廣泛套用於醫用、製革、油田等行業。