Atavism是源自拉丁語“atavus”(祖先)的英語術語,作為名詞表示生物體出現遠祖特徵的遺傳現象,中文譯為“返祖現象”或“隔代遺傳”,其英式發音為[ˈætəˌvɪzəm],美式發音為[ætəˈvɪzəm]。
該術語在生物學中用以描述個體偶然重現祖先形態或行為的現象,如人類尾骨突出、多毛體徵或植物恢復原始結構特徵,其機制與隱性基因表達或基因調控異常相關。該概念也被拓展套用於社會學及文學領域,如解釋文化復古現象或分析文學作品中的傳統主題回歸。
19世紀進化論興起後,atavism被用以支持物種漸變理論,認為返祖是進化痕跡的再現。現代遺傳學的發展推動其研究轉向分子機理層面,如基因突變或表觀遺傳調控的影響。
基本介紹
- 外文名:Atavism
- 類別:英語單詞
- 詞性:名詞
單詞釋義
短語搭配
雙語例句
- In other words, metamorphosis in mole salamanders is an atavism. 換句話說,鼴鈍口螈的變態是一種返祖現象。
- The technical term for an evolutionary throwback is an "atavism", from the Latin atavus, meaning forefather. “進化返祖”的專業術語是“atavism”,源自拉丁語的“atavus”,意為祖先。
- If for any reason this does not happen, the ancestral feature may not disappear, leading to an atavism. 如果因為任何原因,這些事情沒有發生,祖先的種種特性也許就不會消失,從而導致返祖現象。
- They are explainable as a species of mental atavism. 這些都可以解釋為一種精神的返祖現象。
- Atavism must be counteracted by the powers of the mind, and reaction is a form of atavism . 返祖必將受到思維能力的阻礙,而復古恰恰是返祖的一種形式。
- Now we are not sure that he has atavism , because such a diagnosis needs more high-tech inspection. 目前還不能肯定陳聰華是一種返祖現象,需要利用高科技手段對其進行進一步的診斷。
- One striking example of an atavism is the human coccyx, or tailbone, which is a relic of the mammalian tail. 關於返祖的一個有力例證就是人類的尾骨,它是哺乳動物尾巴的遺留物。
- Of course a tramp is not a nomadic atavism-one might as well say that a commercial traveller is an atavism. 流浪漢當然不是遊牧性格的隔代遺傳現象——還不如說旅行推銷員是隔代遺傳的呢。
- The civilization craftsman mythology usually exceeds the originality craftsman mythology, though sometimes with the atavism. 文明社會的工匠神話對原始工匠神話多有超越,但有時又出現返祖現象。
- If learning and gentility are signs of civilization, perhaps our almost-big brains are straining against their residual atavism, struggling to expand. 如果學習和溫婉是文明的標誌,那么也許可以說我們那不算太大的大的大腦正在超越落後的殘餘,努力擴展著自己。
- The authors consider that the distortion perhaps is atavism. Perhaps these transitions reflect the developmental process of the ovuliferous-scale in history. 作者認為這類珠鱗的畸變是返祖現象,可能在某些方面反映了珠鱗的歷史演變過程。
- Such an atavism is the consequence of the principles of economy in human thinking and sociocultural psychology as well as the internal selective mechanism of human language. 這種返祖現象的語言學成因,除語言內部選擇機制的作用外,還有思維經濟原則和社會文化心理的作用。

