2006 RH120

2006 RH120

2006 RH120是一顆直徑大約5米的近地小行星的臨時名字,它通常都是繞著太陽公轉,但是大約每20年左右會接近地月系統一次。

除了通常看到的月亮,地球還有一個臨時的“第二月球”,也在以小行星的形式圍繞地球旋轉,2006 RH120就是這樣的“迷你月亮”。

基本介紹

  • 中文名:2006 RH120
  • 外文名:2006 RH120
  • 別名:迷你月亮
  • 分類:衛星
  • 發現者:卡特琳娜天空觀測站
  • 發現時間:2006年
  • 直徑:5米
  • 公轉周期:20年
發現背景,軌道,觀察,天文數據,運動特點,來源爭議,

發現背景

月球由於自轉和公轉的特點,始終以同一側面面向地球。這一面相對光滑,擁有古老岩漿形成的較平坦、黑暗的低矮平地。上世紀60年代,天文學家藉助太空飛行器發現遠離我們的月亮“背面”的秘密,那裡布滿崎嶇山脈和火山口。美國加州大學的艾瑞克·阿斯帕和瑞士伯恩大學的馬丁·徹奇希在2011年8月發表在《自然》上的文章中提出,通過研究發現,在遠古時期,地球已擁有兩個月亮,其中一個非常微小,另一個則是我們今天看到的月球。二者發生低速碰撞後合二為一,因此形成了月球今天的外貌。這個理論可以用來解釋為什麼探測器發現月球背面與面朝地球的一面會有如此大的差異。而在此之前,曾有科學家指出,月球背面與面朝地球一面之所以不同,只是由於引力的作用所致,而不是碰撞的結果。
天文專家認為,月球起源於太陽系形成早期,是一顆火星大小的天體碰撞地球後產生的碎片在重力作用下形成的。2011年8月,科學期刊《自然》又刊登了一篇文章,提出一個月球起源新觀點:月球背面之所以與面向地球那一面外貌相去甚遠,正是因為它與另一個“月亮第二”相撞的結果。
科學家稱,當地球圍繞太陽旋轉,經過微小的小行星的時候,地球的引力將可能捕獲它們。當它們當中的一個被吸引,圍繞地球旋轉時,當它的旋轉軌道不規則地搖擺著,與月亮軌道重合時,它會被對方猛烈撞擊,最終脫離地球的吸引,回到外太空。有研究小組甚至觀察到,自2006年9月開始至2007年7月,就曾經有一顆臨時小行星圍繞地球旋轉了將近一年的時間。

軌道

epoch2015-06-27.0
epoch JD2457200.5
perihelion date2015-04-03.03465
perihelion JD2457115.53465
argument of perihelion (°)10.10579
ascending node (°)51.15673
inclination (°)0.59508
eccentricity0.0244978
perihelion distance (AU)1.0078830
Tisserand w.r.t. Jupiter5.9
ΔV w.r.t. Earth (km/sec)3.8
semimajor axis (AU)1.0331940
mean anomaly (°)79.73939
mean daily motion (°/day)0.93849300
aphelion distance (AU)1.059
period (years)1.05
P-vector [x]0.48080455
P-vector [y]0.80374714
P-vector [z]0.35045330
Q-vector [x]-0.87679048
Q-vector [y]0.43702507
Q-vector [z]0.20061790
absolute magnitude29.5
phase slope0.15
referenceMPO 133066
observations used133
oppositions2
arc length (days)281
first opposition used2006
last opposition used2007
residual rms (arc-secs)0.80
perturbers coarse indicatorM-v
perturbers precise indicator003Eh
first observation date used2006-09-14.0
last observation date used2007-06-22.0
computer nameChodas

觀察

Date (UT)
J2000 RA
J2000 Dec
Magn
2006 09 14.27062
23 11 31.09
-07 31 12.5
19.3 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.27704
23 11 33.36
-07 32 30.6
18.9 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.28346
23 11 35.62
-07 33 46.7
19.2 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.28988
23 11 38.04
-07 35 02.3
19.0 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.31531
23 11 46.80
-07 39 57.3
19.8 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.32244
23 11 49.38
-07 41 20.4
19.5 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.32957
23 11 51.97
-07 42 42.3
19.5 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.57244
23 15 51.66
-08 03 15.8
19.4 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 14.57480
23 15 52.42
-08 03 42.6
19.9 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 15.30082
23 26 45.63
-10 49 35.7
19.1 R
854 – Sabino Canyon Observatory, Tucson
MPS 239158
2006 09 15.30551
23 26 47.15
-10 50 28.7
19.5 R
854 – Sabino Canyon Observatory, Tucson
MPS 239158
2006 09 15.31020
23 26 48.83
-10 51 20.9
19.1 R
854 – Sabino Canyon Observatory, Tucson
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.30496
23 41 43.40
-13 55 26.5
19.0 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.30565
23 41 43.69
-13 55 34.4
19.4 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.30635
23 41 43.94
-13 55 41.2
19.1 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.30705
23 41 44.19
-13 55 48.5
19.7 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.60865
23 46 00.19
-14 24 22.2
19.3 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.60919
23 46 00.30
-14 24 27.2
18.9 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.60971
23 46 00.51
-14 24 32.7
20.0 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.61026
23 46 00.73
-14 24 38.7
19.6 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.61079
23 46 00.91
-14 24 44.4
19.0 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.61273
23 46 01.48
-14 25 04.1
20.0 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.61326
23 46 01.70
-14 25 11.1
19.4 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.61383
23 46 01.88
-14 25 15.9
19.7 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.61436
23 46 02.06
-14 25 21.6
19.4 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 16.61490
23 46 02.28
-14 25 27.9
19.5 V
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 17.30311
23 56 31.55
-16 51 01.6
19.3 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 17.30529
23 56 32.28
-16 51 23.5
19.3 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 17.30744
23 56 33.02
-16 51 45.3
19.8 V
703 – Catalina Sky Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 18.60321
00 15 21.53
-20 00 10.3
19.5 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 18.60567
00 15 22.33
-20 00 33.8
19.4 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 18.70586
00 15 57.74
-20 14 51.1
19.5 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 18.70808
00 15 58.68
-20 15 08.8
19.2 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 21.67191
00 58 22.27
-27 05 33.6
-
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 21.67456
00 58 23.12
-27 05 49.6
-
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 22.36078
01 08 09.32
-28 45 54.6
-
693 – Catalina Station, Tucson
MPS 239158
2006 09 22.36141
01 08 09.45
-28 45 59.4
-
693 – Catalina Station, Tucson
MPS 239158
2006 09 22.36271
01 08 09.79
-28 46 06.3
19.5 R
693 – Catalina Station, Tucson
MPS 239158
2006 09 23.62814
01 25 21.23
-30 37 06.3
20.1 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 23.63784
01 25 23.76
-30 38 04.0
20.2 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 25.77831
01 51 59.25
-33 35 42.1
20.6 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 26.67365
02 03 54.67
-34 39 50.1
20.7 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 26.68074
02 03 56.19
-34 40 14.6
20.5 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 28.67809
02 27 40.30
-36 30 15.9
20.3 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 09 28.68776
02 27 42.12
-36 30 39.3
20.4 R
E12 – Siding Spring Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 11.29404
06 59 16.86
+08 10 53.5
20.6 V
291 – LPL/Spacewatch II
MPS 239158
2006 12 11.29941
06 59 15.06
+08 11 39.6
20.9 V
291 – LPL/Spacewatch II
MPS 239158
2006 12 11.30494
06 59 13.10
+08 12 29.0
20.4 V
291 – LPL/Spacewatch II
MPS 239158
2006 12 12.37118
06 59 10.84
+10 47 18.6
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 12.38374
06 59 05.41
+10 49 11.5
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 12.39691
06 58 59.88
+10 51 06.6
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 12.41300
06 58 53.09
+10 53 28.4
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 13.32455
06 59 51.70
+13 14 40.4
20.3 V
291 – LPL/Spacewatch II
MPS 239158
2006 12 13.33029
06 59 49.26
+13 15 38.2
20.6 V
291 – LPL/Spacewatch II
MPS 239158
2006 12 13.33599
06 59 46.78
+13 16 33.0
-
291 – LPL/Spacewatch II
MPS 239158
2006 12 16.34250
07 00 04.72
+22 06 41.1
20.0 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 16.34640
07 00 02.61
+22 07 27.9
19.7 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 16.35633
06 59 57.25
+22 09 26.2
19.9 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 16.35663
06 59 57.09
+22 09 29.5
19.4 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 16.35696
06 59 56.87
+22 09 33.9
20.0 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 17.28409
07 00 29.51
+25 15 15.3
19.9 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2006 12 17.28772
07 00 27.66
+25 16 05.7
19.8 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.861648
06 44 03.457
-29 38 19.03
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.862514
06 44 03.077
-29 38 07.30
19.3 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.862801
06 44 02.933
-29 38 03.09
19.6 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.863087
06 44 02.823
-29 37 59.40
19.5 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.863799
06 44 02.507
-29 37 49.51
19.0 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.864947
06 44 02.009
-29 37 33.79
19.6 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.866622
06 44 01.204
-29 37 10.43
19.9 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.868049
06 44 00.631
-29 36 50.75
19.9 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.869727
06 43 59.939
-29 36 27.48
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 11.871154
06 43 59.315
-29 36 07.79
20.1 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.12299
06 47 23.35
-18 05 46.2
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.12475
06 47 22.26
-18 05 16.8
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.12649
06 47 21.08
-18 04 48.7
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.12913
06 47 19.60
-18 04 08.5
-
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.833524
06 47 14.292
-14 17 18.59
20.0 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.840361
06 47 10.728
-14 15 10.56
19.9 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.848529
06 47 06.636
-14 12 36.84
-
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.854455
06 47 03.816
-14 10 44.47
20.0 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 15.861316
06 47 00.629
-14 08 34.23
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.815181
06 48 28.393
-09 14 05.51
19.5 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.818719
06 48 26.354
-09 12 52.92
20.2 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.821987
06 48 24.583
-09 11 45.34
19.8 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.825256
06 48 22.741
-09 10 37.83
20.0 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.827792
06 48 21.408
-09 09 44.96
19.8 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.830311
06 48 19.959
-09 08 53.39
-
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.832846
06 48 18.597
-09 08 00.96
19.6 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.835372
06 48 17.249
-09 07 08.30
19.9 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.838670
06 48 15.490
-09 05 59.57
20.2 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.846209
06 48 11.611
-09 03 22.05
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.848705
06 48 10.373
-09 02 30.26
19.6 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.851191
06 48 09.084
-09 01 39.30
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 16.853682
06 48 07.932
-09 00 46.13
19.9 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.799981
06 49 55.890
-03 25 22.33
19.5 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.802147
06 49 54.510
-03 24 32.09
19.8 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.806447
06 49 51.814
-03 22 53.47
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.807634
06 49 51.073
-03 22 26.34
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.808838
06 49 50.333
-03 21 58.01
19.7 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.810044
06 49 49.593
-03 21 30.66
20.0 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.813637
06 49 47.448
-03 20 07.40
19.8 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.821359
06 49 42.909
-03 17 08.33
19.3 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 17.824007
06 49 41.393
-03 16 07.06
19.8 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 18.805190
06 51 30.381
+03 27 31.86
19.9 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239158
2007 03 18.805431
06 51 30.217
+03 27 39.19
19.8 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239159
2007 03 18.807727
06 51 28.733
+03 28 39.60
19.6 V
B31 – Southern African Large Telescope, Sutherland
MPS 239159
2007 03 20.95266
06 56 21.83
+21 30 51.7
18.7 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 03 20.95889
06 56 20.43
+21 34 27.9
19.2 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 03 20.96545
06 56 19.15
+21 38 16.0
18.7 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 03 20.97251
06 56 17.93
+21 42 20.8
19.0 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 03 20.97850
06 56 17.01
+21 45 47.6
19.2 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 03 20.98466
06 56 16.28
+21 49 20.2
19.3 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 15.950474
20 20 10.06
+62 30 18.3
20.3 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 15.955659
20 20 03.14
+62 24 28.6
19.7 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 15.959845
20 19 57.22
+62 19 47.1
20.2 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 15.979694
20 19 27.19
+61 57 21.2
19.0 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 18.95308
20 18 40.91
+16 57 22.9
19.0 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 18.95491
20 18 40.11
+16 56 23.4
19.0 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 18.95759
20 18 38.98
+16 54 54.4
19.1 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 18.95964
20 18 38.03
+16 53 46.5
19.2 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 18.96135
20 18 37.26
+16 52 49.5
18.9 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 18.99651
20 18 18.54
+16 33 23.2
18.7 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 18.99858
20 18 17.27
+16 32 14.3
18.6 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 19.00039
20 18 16.23
+16 31 14.3
18.6 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 19.00236
20 18 15.11
+16 30 07.9
18.7 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 20.97441
20 18 22.97
+00 50 00.1
19.7 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 20.98051
20 18 20.39
+00 47 40.6
19.3 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 20.98605
20 18 17.98
+00 45 32.6
19.7 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 21.02697
20 17 58.02
+00 29 52.4
19.1 R
J95 – Great Shefford
MPS 239159
2007 06 22.31459
20 18 19.44
-06 42 29.3
19.2 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239159
2007 06 22.32045
20 18 15.76
-06 44 21.1
19.1 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239159
2007 06 22.32603
20 18 12.24
-06 46 06.6
19.3 V
G96 – Mt. Lemmon Survey
MPS 239159

天文數據

2006RH120是在亞利桑那州圖森市卡特琳娜天空觀測站被發現到的,被命名為2006RH120,估計直徑只有5米。它通常都是繞著太陽公轉,但是每20年左右會接近“地月系”一次。“2006RH120能夠被發現,是因為它比其他的‘臨時月亮’更大一點,後來大部分進入到地球軌道的小行星都只有大約1米寬。

運動特點

偶爾這個天體會短暫的進入臨時衛星捕獲(temporary satellite capture,TSC),在臨時衛星捕獲期間,流星體可以是除了月球之外的另一顆天然衛星。2006RH120在臨時軌道上打轉幾個循環,然後就打包一走了之的幾個輕如鴻毛的小不點是衛星。2006RH120在2006年9月到2007年7月是在地球軌道上的小不點,直到2008年2月18日才給了小行星的名稱,就是所知的6R10DB9,卡特林那巡天系統的內部辨識名稱。

來源爭議

2006RH120的來源仍存在著一些爭議。發現後,因為他的大小、軌道和光譜——符合農神五號火箭使用的鈦白氧化塗料——而沒有給予正式的名稱,建議它可能是一個人造的物體。存在的一個先例是幾乎在完全一樣軌道上的J002E3,目前認為它是阿波羅12號的農神S-IVB第三節的助推器。

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