鳳凰和斑鳩

鳳凰和斑鳩

《鳳凰和斑鳩》是一首詩歌,作者莎士比亞(W. William Shakespeare;1564~1616)英國文藝復興時期偉大的劇作家、詩人,歐洲文藝復興時期人文主義文學的集大成者。莎士比亞的代表作有四大悲劇:《哈姆雷特》(英:Hamlet)、《奧賽羅》(英:Othello)、《李爾王》(英:King Lear)、《麥克白》(英:Macbeth)。

基本介紹

  • 作品名稱:鳳凰和斑鳩
  • 外文名稱:The Phoenix and the Turtle
  • 創作年代:1601年
  • 文學體裁:詩歌
  • 作者:莎士比亞
作家,詩文,原文,譯文,

作家

四大喜劇《第十二夜》、《仲夏夜之夢》、《威尼斯商人》、《無事生非》(人教版教材稱《皆大歡喜》)。歷史劇:《亨利四世》、《亨利五世》、《理查二世》等。還寫過154首十四行詩,二首長詩。本·瓊生稱他為“時代的靈魂”,馬克思稱他和古希臘的埃斯庫羅斯為“人類最偉大的戲劇天才”。雖然莎士比亞只用英文寫作,但他卻是世界著名作家。他的大部分作品都已被譯成多種文字,其劇作也在許多國家上演。1616年4月23日病逝。

詩文

原文

Let the bird of loudest lay,
On the sole Arabian tree,
Herald sad and trumpet be,
To whose sound chaste wings obey.
But thou, shrieking harbinger,
Foul pre-currer of the fiend,
Augur of the fever's end,
To this troop come thou not near.
From this session interdict
Every fowl of tyrant wing,
Save the eagle, feather'd king:
Keep the obsequy so strict.
Let the priest in surplice white,
That defunctive music can,
Be the death-divining swan,
Lest the requiem lack his right.
And thou, treble-dated crow,
That thy sable gender mak'st
With the breath thou giv'st and tak'st,
'Mongst our mourners shalt thou go.
Here the anthem doth commence:
Love and constancy is dead;
Phoenix and the turtle fled
In a mutual flame from hence.
So they lov'd, as love in twain
Had the essence but in one;
Two distincts, division none:
Number there in love was slain.
Hearts remote, yet not asunder;
Distance, and no space was seen
'Twixt the turtle and his queen;
But in them it were a wonder.
So between them love did shine,
That the turtle saw his right
Flaming in the phoenix' sight:
Either was the other's mine.
Property was thus appall'd,
That the self was not the same;
Single nature's double name
Neither two nor one was call'd.
Reason, in itself confounded,
Saw division grow together;
To themselves yet either-neither,
Simple were so well compounded
That it cried how true a twain
Seemeth this concordant one!
Love hath reason, reason none
If what parts can so remain.
Whereupon it made this threne
To the phoenix and the dove,
Co-supreme and stars of love;
As chorus to their tragic scene.
THRENOS.
Beauty, truth, and rarity.
Grace in all simplicity,
Here enclos'd in cinders lie.
Death is now the phoenix' nest;
And the turtle's loyal breast
To eternity doth rest,
Leaving no posterity:--
'Twas not their infirmity,
It was married chastity.
Truth may seem, but cannot be:
Beauty brag, but 'tis not she;
Truth and beauty buried be.
To this urn let those repair
That are either true or fair;
For these dead birds sigh a prayer.

譯文

讓那歌喉最響亮的鳥雀,
飛上獨立的鳳樹的枝頭,
宣布訃告,把哀樂演奏,
一切飛禽都和著拍子跳躍。
可是你叫聲刺耳的狂徒,
你魔鬼的邪惡的信使,
死神的忠實的信士,
千萬別走近我們的隊伍。
任何專橫跋扈的暴徒,
都不容走近我們的會場,
只除了鷹,那羽族之王:
葬禮的尊嚴不容玩忽。
讓那身穿著白色袈裟,
懂得死亡之曲的牧師,
唱出死神來臨的輓詩,
並由他領著作彌撒。
還有你壽長過人的烏鴉,
也必須參加哭喪的隊伍,
你生來穿著黑色的喪服,
開口就像哭不用作假。
接著他們唱出送喪的哀辭,
愛情和忠貞已經死亡;
鳳和鳩化作一團火光
一同飛升,離開了塵世。
它們是那樣彼此相愛,
仿佛兩者已合為一體;
分明是二,卻又渾然為一:
是一是二,誰也難猜。
兩顆心分開,卻又在一起;
斑鳩雖和它的皇后分開,
它們之間卻並無距離存在:
這情景只能說是奇蹟。
愛情在它倆之間如電光閃灼,
斑鳩借著鳳凰的眼睛,
就能清楚地看見自身:
彼此都認為對方是我。
物性仿佛已失去規矩,
本身竟可以並非本身,
形體相合又各自有名,
兩者既分為二又合為一。
理智本身也無能為力,
它明明看到合一的分離,
二者全不知誰是自己,
這單一體原又是複合體。
它不禁叫道,“多奇怪,
這到底是二還是一!
這情景如果長存下去,
理智將變作愛情的奴才。”
因此它唱出一首哀歌,
敬獻給鳳凰和斑鳩,
這愛情的明星和旗手,
弔唁它們的悲慘結果。
哀歌
美、真、至上的感情,
如此可貴,如此真純,
現在竟一同化作灰燼。
鳳巢現在已不復存在;
那斑鳩的忠貞情懷,
此一去,永遠難再。
也未留下後代兒孫——
這並非因它們身體有病,
而是因為婚後仍童身。
從今後,再說真,是謊,
再有美,不過是假相,
真和美已被埋葬。
不真不美的也別牢騷,
這骨灰瓶可以任你瞧,
這兩隻死鳥正為你默禱。

相關詞條

熱門詞條

聯絡我們