基本介紹
- 中文名：馬爾他語
- 外文名：Maltese
- 語系：閃米特語族
- 使用人口：逾30萬
歷史發展,日常用語,
歷史發展
在此以後的幾個世紀，馬爾他多次為外來勢力所侵占，從義大利語、法語和英語裡吸收了大量外來詞語，並逐漸脫離阿拉伯語成為一種獨立語言。馬爾他語使用者可以與北非阿拉伯人作一般交談，使其在某種程度上仍可被視為一種西部阿拉伯語方言。在很長一段時期內，馬爾他語只是口頭語言，沒有文字。18世紀末、19世紀初，馬爾他出現了用字母編纂的第一部馬爾他語詞典。1934年，馬爾他文字形式經過修改定型馬爾他語字母，但不用Y（y），增加了帶點的（Ġ）和（Ż）、不發音的Ħ（ħ）和在詞首不發音但在詞尾發音的GĦ（għ）等4個字母。
除英語與馬爾他語這兩種官方語言外，義大利語在馬爾他也非常流行，不少超市和零售店的員工都會說馬爾他語、英語和義大利語這三種語言。走在大街也上經常會看到說著義大利語的遊客與當地人交流。
馬爾他語字母+國際音標
A a [ɑ]
B b [b]
Ċ ċ [tɕ]
D d [d]
E e [ɛ]
F f [f]
Ġ ġ [dʑ]
G g [g]
GĦ għ [ˤː]/[ħː]
H h [ʔ]
Ħ ħ [ħ]
I I [i]
Ie ie [i̯ɛ]/[iː]
J j [j]
K k [k]
L l [l]
M m [m]
N n [n]
O o [ɔ]
P p [p]
Q q [ʔ]
R r [r]
S s [s]
T t [t]
U u [u]
V v [v]
W w [w]
X x [ɕ]/[ʑ]
Z z [ts]/[dz]
Ż ż [z]
雙元音
Ej/għi [ɛj]
Aj/għi [ɑj]
Oj [ɔj]
Iw [iw]
Ew [ɛw]
Aw/għu [ɑw]
Ow/għu [ɔw]
日常用語
| 英語 | 馬爾他語 |
|---|---|
Welcome | Merħba |
Hello | Ħello / Hawn / Aw |
How are you? I'm fine, thanks. And you? | Kif int? |
Jien tajjeb grazzi. U int? | |
Long time no see | Ilni ma narak |
What's your name? My name is ... | X'jismek? |
Jien jisimni ... | |
Where are you from? I'm from ... | Minn fejn int? |
Jien minn ... | |
Pleased to meet you | Għandi pjaċir (bil-konoxxenza) |
Good morning | Bonġu |
Good afternoon | Wara nofs in-nar it-tajjeb |
Good evening/night | Bonswa |
Goodbye | Ċaw |
Good luck | Xewqat sbieħ / Awguri |
Cheers/Good health! | Evviva! Ċirs! |
Have a nice day | Il-gurnata t-tajba |
Bon appetit | L-ikla t-tajba |
Bon voyage | Il-vjaġġ it-tajjeb! |
Do you understand? | Fhimt? |
I understand | Fhimt |
I don't understand | M'inix nifhem / Mhux qiegħed nifhem / Ma nifhimx / Mhux nifhem |
I don't know | Ma nafx |
Please speak more slowly | Jekk jogħġbok, tkellem iktar bil-mod |
Please say that again | Erġa għidli jekk jogħġbok |
Please write it down | Iktibha jekk jogħġbok |
Do you speak Maltese? Yes, a little | Titkellem bil-Malti? |
Ftit | |
How do you say ... in Maltese? | Kif tgħid ... bil-Malti? |
Excuse me | Skużi! Skużani! |
How much is this? | Kemm jiswa dan? |
Sorry | Skużani! Jiddispjaċini! Ahfirli! |
Please | Jekk jogħġbok |
Thank you Not at all | Grazzi |
Merħba bik | |
Where's the toilet? | Fejn hu t-tojlit? |
This gentleman/lady will pay for everything | Se jħallas is-sinjur/is-sinjura ta' kollox |
Would you like to dance with me? | Tixtieq tiżfen miegħi? Għandek pjaċir tizfen miegħi? |
I miss you | Nimmissjak |
I love you | Inħobbok |
Get well soon | Nawguralek fejqan ta' malajr |
Go away! | Itlaq! |
Leave me alone! | Ħallini kwiet |
Help! Fire! Stop! | Ajjut! Ħruq! Ieqaf! |
Call the police! | Ċempel lill-pulizija! |
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year | Il-Milied Ħieni u s-Sena t-Tajba Awguri għas-sena l-ġdida |
Happy Easter | L-Għid it-tajjeb |
Happy Birthday | Heppi berdej / Nixtieqlek jum għeluq sninek sabiħ |
One language is never enough | Dejjem tajjeb li tkun taf iżjed minn ilsien wieħed |
My hovercraft is full of eels | Il-hovercraft tiegħi hu mimli sallur |
